病理学英文课件：损伤的修复.pptxVIP

; Injury ;When healing is accomplished mainly by proliferation of the parenchyma elements, the process is termed regeneration and often results in complete restoration of the original tissue. ;When the main contribution is made by the nonspecialized elements of connective tissue, fibrosis or scaring formation, and the process is called fibrous repair. ; So that repair involves two distinct process: ① regeneration of injured tissue by parenchymal cells of the same type; ② replacement by connective tissue, resulting in a scar.;Part 1 REGENERATION ; 一、Cells of body can be divided into 3 groups according to their capacity to regenerate (1) Labile cells (2) Stabile cells (3) Permanent cells ; (1) Labile cells: surface epithelia, hematopoietic cells (cells of bone marrow and lymphnodes). continue to proliferate throughout life, replacing cells that are continuously being destroyed. With injury and loss of cells, complete regeneration is possible from remaining cells.; (2) Stabile cells parenchymal cells of the liver, pancreas, thyroid and connective tissue, kidney adrenal, salivary; normally have a low level of replication but can undergo rapid division in response to physiologic and pathologic stimuli, thus reconstituting the tissue of origin. Stable cells retain the ability to proliferation throughout life.; (3) Permanent cells nerve cell, skeletal and cardiac muscle cells; essentially do not regenerate, lost their ability to proliferation around the time of birth. The most important example is the neuron of the central nervous system. ; Labile cells follow the cell cycle from one mitosis to the next. Stabile cells are at G0 but are stimulated into G1 by an appropriate stimulus. Permanent cells have left the cell cycle and are destined to senesce and die. ; Constantly dividing labi