寻求社会支持方式对留守初中生心理健康影响.docVIP

寻求社会支持方式对留守初中生心理健康影响 　　【摘要】 目的 探讨农村留守初中生寻求社会支持的差异及对其心理健康的影响,为制定相应的教育措施提供依据。方法 以《心理健康诊断测验》(MHT)量表以及自编人口学变量及社会支持调查问卷为工具,对528名农村初中生(留守生268名)进行调查。结果 当留守初中生遇到困难和麻烦时,朋友、母亲、父亲是其得到安慰和关心的首选;拥有6个及以上朋友的留守初中生心理健康水平显著高于拥有朋友数量较少留守初中生。采取主动讲述自己烦恼和有困难时经常向他人求助的留守初中生心理健康水平显著高于其他3种求助类型的留守初中生。结论 采取积极主动的应付方式,能更好地获得社会支持,对留守初中生的心理健康起到一定的保护作用。 　　【关键词】 社会支持;方法;对比研究;精神卫生;学生 　　【中图分类号】 R 395.6 C 912.6 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)07-0813-03 　　 　　Influence of Different Ways to Seek Social Support on Left-behind Junior Students Mental Health/LEI Fang. Henan University of Finance and Economics, Zhengzhou(450002), China 　　【Abstract】 Objective To explore different ways to seek social support on parent-absent student in junior school and as to their mental state health of influence, and to provide evidence for making education measures. Methods With Mental Health Test(MHT), the Self-demographic variables and Self-Social Support investigate questionnaire, 528 rural middle school students (including 268 students left behind in rural area) were investigated. Results When left-behind students met a difficulty, they mostly turned to bother, friends, mother or father for comfort and care. Left-behind students having more than 6 friends had better mental health than the students having less friends. The left-behind students mental health of taking the initiative to tell their troubles and often turned to others for help was significantly higher than the students of the other three kinds of help seeking styles. Conclusion Positive coping style can better acquire support and protect mental health of left-behind junior school students. 　　【Key words】 Social support; Methods; Comparative study; Mental health; Students 　　 　　改革开放以来,农村很多人选择出外务工、经商或从事其他活动,从而导致了大量留??儿童的产生。遵循《联合国儿童权利公约》的年龄标准和有关文献[1],本文认为所谓“留守儿童”是指父母双方或一方从农村流动到其他地区,孩子留在户籍所在地农村,并因此不能和父母双方共同生活的18周岁以下的未成年人。国内学者研究发现,留守现象使儿童产生较多心理健康问题和消极人格特征[2]。有关研究显示,农村“留守子女”的心理健康问题检出率较高,具有轻度及其以上心理问题的占31.0%[3];与非留守儿童相比,焦虑、学习压力、人际关系紧张与敏感、抑郁、情绪不稳定等心理问题较为突出[4]。本研