语言学流派 布鲁姆菲尔德Bloomfield.pptVIP

Leonard Bloomfield Three turns of linguistics in 20th C. T.G. grammar Chomsky Life Born in Chicago in 1887. At 19, with his Harvard A.B. in hand Obtaining his Ph.D. in 1909 at the age of 22 In 1940 he accepted an endowed Sterling Professorship of Linguistics at Yale University, where he remained until his death in 1949. 吊顶是现代家庭装修常见的装饰手法。 吊顶既具有美化空间的作用，也是区分室内空间一种方法。很多情况下，室内空间不能通过墙体、隔断来划分，那样就会让空间显得很拥挤，很局促。设计上可以通过天花与地面来对室内空间进行区分，而天花所占的比例又很大。吊顶材料可以分为面板和架构龙骨。吊顶面板分为普通石膏板和防水防潮类面板。龙骨分为金属龙骨与木龙骨。 现代房产大多是清水房,因此家庭装修的一个很大的项目就是包门窗套、安装室内门。中国过去的房子，大多以实用为主，随着室内装饰的兴起，人们越来越关注房屋空间的美化和装饰。因此，在门框的基础上，发展成为门套，即将安装门后剩余的墙壁给包起来，一则美观漂亮，二则起到对墙壁的保护作用。 BOOKS An Introduction to the Study of Language in 1914 Tagalog Texts with Grammatical Analysis in 1917 Menomini Texts in 1928 Language in 1933 The Stressed Vowels of American English in 1935 Linguistic Aspects of Science in 1939 Contribution Bloomfield made important empirical contributions to three major subfields of Linguistics: Indo-European comparative-historical linguistics (including work on Sanskrit as well as Germanic); the study of the Malayo-Polynesian languages, principally Tagalog; and descriptive and comparative Algonquian linguistics. His monumental body of work on Algonquian languages forms the largest portion of the descriptive work that he produced, and is considered the starting point for any modern work on the Algonquian language family. Status Landmark Figure Bloomfield Age (1933-1950) 曾经有人批评以布龙菲尔德为代表的结构 主义语言学家，认为他们在语言分析中忽视或 排除了意义的因素，而试图完全依赖分布的标准。但这种看法是有欠公允的。结构主义学者 在“语言分析中意义的使用”这一问题上看法并 不一致，因此应该区别对待不同的学者。布龙 菲尔德虽然认为语言分析应该从形式出发，但 并不否认意义因素在语言分析中的作用。对他 来说，意义在语言分析中“不是用还是不用的问 题，而是应该如何恰当使用的问题 Bloomfield put forward the well known formula : S r … s RS stand for practical stimulus,r stands for the substitute reaction of speech,s stands for the substitute stimulus,R stands for external practical reaction.  Minimal Pair Test：pin Firstly : change the first part