(免疫学课件)9.Bcellsignaling知识介绍.pptVIP

Immunology-B Cell Signaling;Outline;Kenneth M. Murphy;9.1 General principle of signal transduction;;;Two types of receptors that signal through protein kinases are used in the immune systems.;Intracellular signal transduction often takes place in large multiprotein signaling complexes.;Domain structure of the Src protein;Assembly of signaling complexes is mediated by scaffold and adaptor proteins.;Small G proteins are switched from inactive to active states by guanine-nucleotide exchange factors and the binding of GTP.;Signaling proteins can be recruited to the membrane in a variety of ways. ;Signaling pathways amplify the initial signal.;Signaling must be turned off as well as turned on.;Summary for 9.1 General principle of signal transduction ;The B cell receptor complex is made up of cell-surface immunoglobulin with one each of the invariant proteins Igα and Igβ.;The canonical ITAM sequence is …YXX[L/I]X6-9YXX[L/I];Src-family kinases are associated with antigen receptors and phosphorylated the tyrosine in ITAMs to create binding sites from Syk and Syk activation via transphophorylation.;B-cell antigen receptor signaling is modulated by a co-receptor complex of at least three cell-surface molecules, CD19, CD21 and CD81.;Simplified outline of the intracellular signaling pathways initiated by cross-linking of B-cell receptors by antigen.;9.3 The distribution and functions of immunoglobulin classes;The major class of antibody present in the lumen of the gut is secretory dimeric IgA.;High affinity IgG and IgA antibodies can neutralize bacterial toxins;High affinity IgG and IgA antibodies can inhibit the infectivity of viruses.;Antibodies can block the adherence of bacteria to host cells.;The classical pathway of complement activation is initiated by the binding of C1q to antibody on a surface .;The two conformations of IgM.;Complement receptors are important in the removal of immune complexes from the circulation.;9.4 The destruction of antibody-coated pathogens via F