响应面法优化超声波辅助提取石榴籽油研究.docVIP

响应面法优化超声波辅助提取石榴籽油研究 　　摘 要：采用超声波辅助有机溶剂法对3种不同品种石榴籽油进行提取。在单因素试验基础上，选择液料比、超声波功率、处理时间、处理温度为自变量，石榴籽油提取率为响应值，采用Box-Behnken试验设计方法，研究各自变量及其交互作用对石榴籽油提取率的影响。利用Design Expert软件得到回归方程的预测模型并进行响应面分析。结果表明，提取温度、时间、液料比3个因素对石榴籽油提取率都有显著影响，温度和时间、液料比和其他3个因素的交互作用都有显著影响。确定超声波辅助提取石榴籽油的最佳条件为：提取温度39.93 ℃，时间33.20 min，超声波功率346.24 W，液料比11.40 mL?g-1，此时提取率为96.48％。 　　关键词：石榴籽油；超声波；提取；响应面法 　　中图分类号： TS255.1 文献标识码：A DOI编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006－6500.2012.02.015 　　 　　Optimization on Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction Technology of Oil from Pomegranate Seeds with Response Surface Analysis 　　WANG Li-ping，FAN Ming-tao 　　(College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest Agricuttural and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China) 　　Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction technology was used to extract seed oil from three different kinds of pomegranate. Based on the single factor analysis, the effect of liquid-solid ratio, ultrasonic power, extraction temperature and extraction time on enhancing oil yield from pomegranate seed was evaluated by response surface analysis. A 4-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken experimental design was applied and the interactions of each factor on the oil yield were also investigated. The results showed that the temperature, extraction time and liquid-solid ratio had significant effects on extraction yield, the interaction of extraction temperature and time was very significant, the interactions of liquid-solid ratio and other three factors were significant. The optimal conditions were at 39.93 ℃ extraction temperature, 11.40 mL?g-1 liquid-solid ratio, 346.24 W ultrasonic power, 33.20 min extraction time. Under such conditions, the oil yield was 96.48%． 　　Key words: pomegranate seed oil；ultrasound；extraction；response surface 　　 　　2011年临潼全区石榴产量高达6万t左右，出口量达10万kg。目前，石榴的主要加工品是石榴汁??料、石榴酒等[1]，在加工过程中，作为废物的石榴籽占到石榴总质量的20%~30％[2]，造成资源浪费。石榴籽中平均含油量为13.72%[3]，石榴籽油中石榴酸的含量为64% ~83%，具有防治高血脂症、心脑血管疾病，抗肿瘤等作用[4]，是一种极具开发价值的功能性油脂，可以作为保健品、化妆品[5]和药品[6]的原料。合理利用石榴籽，可产生明显经济效益与社会效益。石榴籽同葡萄籽一样十分坚硬