Linux环境编程8进程间通信教学讲义.pptVIP

示例[8-7 ex_sharememory.c] Program 8-7 ex_sharememory.c 1 #include stdio.h 2 #include stdlib.h 3 #include unistd.h 4 #include sys/types.h 5 #include sys/ipc.h 6 #include sys/sem.h 7 8 static int set_semvalue(void); 9 static int semaphore_p(void); 10 static int semaphore_v(void); 11 static void del_sem_set(void); 12 13 /* define oure own semun union */ 14 union semun { 15 int val; 16 struct semid_ds *buf; 17 unsigned short *array; 18 struct seminfo *__buf; 19 }; 20 21 /* define global variable sem_id to store the identifier of semaphore set */ 22 static int sem_id; 23 /* define global variable shm_id to store the identifier of shared memory */ 24 static int shm_id; 8.6 共享内存 25 26 int main() 27 { 28 int i; 29 pid_t pid; 30 char ch1, ch2; 31 char* pData = NULL; 32 33 /* create semaphore set */ 34 sem_id = semget(IPC_PRIVATE, 1, 0666 | IPC_CREAT); 35 if(sem_id == -1) { 36 fprintf(stderr, Failed to create semaphore set. \n); 37 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 38 } 39 if(!set_semvalue()) { /* set semaphore value */ 40 fprintf(stderr, Failed to initialize semaphore\n); 41 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 42 } 43 shm_id = shmget(IPC_PRIVATE, 4096, 0666 | IPC_CREAT); 44 if(shm_id == -1) { 45 fprintf(stderr, Failed to create sharememory. \n); 46 del_sem_set(); 47 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 48 } 49 8.6 共享内存 50 pid = fork(); /* create child process */ 51 if(pid == -1) { 52 perror(fork failed); 53 shmctl(shm_id, IPC_RMID, 0); /* delete shared memory */ 54 del_sem_set(); 55 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); 56 } 57 else { 58 srand((unsigned int)getpid()); /* seed for random number */ 59 pData = (char*)shmat(shm_id, 0, 0); /* binding */ 60 61 if (pid == 0) { /* child proce