外文文献：现代大地参照精密的卫星定位导航系.pdfVIP

MODERN GEODETIC REFERENCE FRAMES FOR PRECISE SATELLITE POSITIONING AND NAVIGATION J. Kouba and J. Popelar Geodetic Survey Division, Geomatics Canada, Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) 615 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A EO9 E-mail: kouba@geod.emr.ca; popelar@geod.emr.ca ABSTRACT determine distortions and misorientation of classical geodetic networks around the world. The U.S. Navy The NAD83 and WGS84 reference coordinate frames were Navigation Satellite System (NNSS), also called Transit established more than a decade ago to satisfy most or simply Doppler (Kershner and Newton, 1962) became mapping, charting, positioning and navigation the basis for the U.S. Department of Defense World applications. They are consistent at the 1-2 metre level Geodetic System 1972 (WGS72) and later WGS84 which on a continental and global scales respectively, reflecting define global geocentric reference frames consistent at the limitations of available data and techniques. With about the 1-2 metre level. To upgrade and correct rapid improvements in positioning accuracy, mainly due distortions of the classical North American Datum 1927 to GPS, submetre navigation has become practical and (NAD27), a readjustment of the geodetic networks in reference frames at the cm to mm level are required by the Canada, USA, Mexico and Greenland was jointly most demanding users. The IERS Terrestrial Reference undertaken. This