语法it 强调句讲解.docVIP

应用强调结构，应注意以下几点： E.g. ① It is I who am going to Beijing next week. 是我将于下周去北京。 ② It is him who I want to see. 我想见的正是他。 ⑵ 强调结构也有其否定、疑问或感叹形式。特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以被强调，构成“特殊疑问词 + be + it + that + 剩余部分”结构。 E.g. ① It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes. 并非仅仅是盲人才犯这样愚蠢的错误。 ② Was it during the Second World War that he died? 他是在第二次世界大战期间死的吗？ ③Where was it that you met Tom yesterday? 昨天你是在哪儿碰到汤姆的？ ④What a wonderful time it was that we had at the party! 我们在聚会上玩得是多么高兴啊！ ⑶ 强调结构的反意疑问句，附加问句中的主语用it而不用句中主语。 E.g. ① It was at eleven last night that I knew the good news, wasn’t it? 是昨天晚上十一点我知道这个好消息的，不是吗？ ② It is where you come from that you should return to, isn’t it? 你是从哪里来的就应回哪里去，不是吗？ ⑷ 对not… until(till)结构中状语进行强调时，not需置于被强调 的部分之中，构成 “It is/ was not until…that…”结构 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognized she was a famous film star. 直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她是位著名影星。 It was not until he finished all his homework that he went to bed last night. 昨天晚上直到他完成作业才睡觉。 ⑸ 本结构不能用来强调让步状语从句，原因状语从句中只有because引导的可被强调。 E.g. It was because he was seriously ill that he didn’t go to school yesterday. 是因为他病得厉害，昨天才没有上学。 ⑹ 如何判定含有定语从句的强调结构呢？仔细分析that或who在句中的作用，若that或who可有可无（结合it be来分析），则为强调结构，否则就是定语从句。 It was in the lab (that was set up by Mr. Smith) that they finished the experiment. 正是在史密斯先生建立的实验室里他们完成了这项实验。（lab后的that不可省略，因为它作该句的主语，句中第二个that才是强调结构的标志。） It was Li Hong (who came from Hunan) that won the first prize in the contest. 是来自湖南的李红获得了竞赛的头奖。 ⑺ 强调结构和主语从句句型（指It + be + adj. /n. + that + 剩余部分）的区别： 含有主语从句的句子在译成汉语时不可加上“正是…”或 “就是…”之类的字眼，而强调结构可以；b. 含有主语从句的句子若删掉It be… that/ who…, 则原句在结构上和意义上均不成立，而强调结构若去掉结构标志却仍然成立。 E.g. ① It is true that he once went to Canada. 他曾经去过加拿大是真的。（不能去掉It is和that，否则原句不成立，故本句是含有主语从句的复合句。） ② It was on December 11, 2001 that China became a member of the WTO. 就是在2001年11月11日，中国加入了世贸组织。（若去掉It was和that，原句仍然成立，故本句是强调结构。）