凤凰山隧道浅埋软弱围岩与支护结构的相互作用分析-interaction analysis of shallow buried weak surrounding rock and supporting structure in fenghuangshan tunnel.docxVIP

摘要浅埋隧道建设过程中，围岩—支护结构受力和变形特性是隧道能否保持稳定的关键, 尤其是软弱围岩地段。围岩—支护结构的稳定性评价与隧道设计和施工密切相关，支护 结构合理参数的选取,是隧道安全施工和运营的保证,所以有必要对浅埋隧道软弱围岩 与支护结构的相互作用展开研究。本文依托凤凰山隧道建设项目,通过施工现场实测资料，结合有限元数值模拟，对 浅埋隧道软弱围岩及支护结构力学与变形特性展开研究。主要成果如下:1. 通过现场实测资料得出：（1）隧道围岩压力分布不均匀，仰拱底和拱脚处围岩压 力较大。（2）初衬对二衬的压力以及二衬混凝土应力均较小，远小于 C25 初喷混凝土和 C30 二衬钢筋混凝土的轴心抗压、抗拉强度，隧道变形和受力小，支护结构安全。（3） 隧道开挖过程中，随掌子面与测试断面距离增大，掌子面施工对测试断面处围岩扰动逐 渐减小，当两者间距离大于 15m，掌子面施工对测试断面处围岩扰动已很小，测试断面 处围岩逐渐达到二次稳定。（4）围岩累计沉降量最大值出现在拱顶，两测试断面分别为 25mm 和 30mm；收敛量最大值出现在起拱线附近，分别为 11mm 和 12mm。2. 通过有限元数值计算得出：（1）隧道上覆岩体厚度从 5m 到 20m 变化时，隧道 围岩应力增大，围岩变形减小；上覆岩体厚度从 20m 到 60m 变化时，围岩变形增大， 得出上覆岩体厚度为 20m 是隧道能形成拱效应的界限厚度。（2）隧道上覆岩体偏压导致 右侧围岩应力大于左侧，右侧拱腰处竖向变形大于拱顶，偏压隧道围岩竖向变形以偏压 侧拱腰处竖向变形来控制。（3）隧道施工从上台阶开挖到二衬封闭，围岩应力逐渐减小， 围岩变形和支护应力逐渐增大；隧道采用上下台阶法施工，支护结构受力均匀稳定，能 有效抵抗围岩应力，确保了隧道施工和运营的安全。论文研究成果为浅埋软弱围岩隧道的设计和施工提供了科学依据，具有重要的理论 与工程实用价值。关键词: 岩土工程；浅埋软弱隧道围岩；支护结构；现场试验；数值分析AbstractIn the construction of shallow tunnel, force and deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and the supporting structure are the key to keeping tunnel stable, especially in the soft surrounding rock section. Stability evaluation of surrounding rock and the supporting structure is closely related to tunnel design and construction, reasonable parameter selection of the supporting structure is a guarantee of tunnel construction and operation safety, so it is necessary to make a study on the interaction of soft surrounding rock and the supporting structure of shallow tunnelRelying on the construction project of Phoenix Mountain Tunnel, through measured data in construction field, and combined with finite element numerical simulation, this paper made a study on the force and deformation characteristics of soft surrounding rock and the supporting structure of shallow tunnel. The main results are as follows:Through measured data in the construction field, we obtained that: (1) tunnel surrounding rock pressure distributed uneven, the value in tunnel invert bottom and arch foot is bigger. (2) The initial lining pressure on secondary lin