人霍克斯和杨宪益夫妇英译《红楼梦》中麻将文化时翻译策略看中国文化输出顺应策略-translation strategies of mahjong culture in the english translation of a dream of red mansions by hawkes and yang xianyi adaptation strategies of chinese cultural output.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE iii source text (ST for short, and henceforth) for the adaptation of the translation to the language norms and social values presented in TL. Until now, as opinions vary on the choice of domestication and foreignization, no consensus can be reached among scholars at home and abroad. As the Secretary of International Pragmatics Association, Verschueren proposes the Theory of Adaptation in his work Understanding Pragmatics, which provides us with a completely new angle to interpret pragmatics, as well as translation. Verschueren believes that language use must be constituted by continuous choice making, consciously or unconsciously, for intralinguistic or extralinguistic reasons. Meanwhile, he also makes a brief summary on some important concepts, such as choice making, the three hierarchically related properties of language: variability, negotiability and adaptability, and four angles for pragmatic analysis of linguistic phenomena. This thesis makes a tentative study of the translation strategies employed by the translators of the two English versions to deal with the Mahjong culture in Hong Lou Meng, and then to analyze how various adaptation strategies are applied for the purpose of Chinese culture export. With the comparison and analysis of the examples from the two English versions, it is found that the Yangs are inclined to adopt foreignization more frequently, while David Hawkes is apt to employ domestication. However, the choice of strategy is not made in a fixed but a flexible manner whenever necessary. From the perspective of adaptation theory, the choices of the translation strategy made by the two great translators result from the translators’ adaptation of their translations due to their respective different cultural backgrounds, different translation aims and intended readers. Therefore, when exporting the culture of marked Chinese characteristics, we need to widely apply the adaptation strategy, from linguistic adaptation, at such levels as