《药物遗传学》课件.pptVIP

* * 乳糖酶失去活性，乳糖不能正常吸收而潴留在肠内，被分解 为乳酸、氢和二氧化碳，造成肠内积气、腹胀、肠鸣、腹泻。 LAC+P（持续性）：显性LAC+R（限制性）：隐性，但不是所有LAC+R/ LAC+R纯合子均出现乳糖不耐受 * 第一步，乙醛产生，乙醇脱氢酶活性低，乙醛产生慢，含量低；第二步，乙醛被降解，乙醛脱氢酶活性高，乙醛降解快，含量低。 * β2和β1只有一个氨基酸不同(47胱氨酸，47组氨酸), 黄种人乙醇→乙醛快,蓄积乙醛浓度高 * ALDH1(胞质型)，基因定位9q；ALDH2 (线粒体型)，基因定位 12q。 * * * 慢性阻塞性肺疾患COPD是一种包括了慢性支气管炎和肺气肿的疾病，能导致连续咳嗽。 * COPD abbr. 慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease）；alveoli emphysema；Emphysema is characterized by loss of elasticity (increased pulmonary compliance) of the lung tissue caused by destruction of structures feeding the alveoli, owing to the action of alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency. This causes the small airways to collapse during forced exhalation, as alveolar collapsibility has decreased. As a result, airflow is impeded and air becomes trapped in the lungs, in the same way as other obstructive lung diseases. Symptoms include shortness of breath on exertion, and an expanded chest. However, the constriction of air passages isn’t always immediately deadly, and treatment is available. * 1997年提出药物基因组学的概念。 * 在药物的代谢过程中，前面讲过药物遗传学主要是单基因控制的酶的作用，实际上酶具有遗传多态性。 * The cytochrome P450 superfamily (officially abbreviated as CYP) is a large and diverse group of enzymes. Cytochrome P450 is a heme-containing enzyme that is responsible for the metabolism of a lot of known drugs. Large number of genetic polymorphisms have been described for CYP2C9 and 2D6 etc. Some of which can either result in rapid or very poor metabolism. The goal of this research is to predict metabolic ability of the enzyme protein in silico by using the method such as docking simulation or computer analysis, and to measure binding energy in vitro by the biochemical approach. * Figure. Different spectrum of microsomes frome liver of A.multispinis (一种鱼类) after 30 mg/kg of 3-MC （甲基纤维素） administration. Cytochromes P450 have been named on the basis of their cellular (cyto) location and spectrophotometric characteristics (chrome): when the reduced heme iron forms an adduct with CO, P450 enzymes absor