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pwm降压型dcdc开关变换器的设计-design of pwm buck dcdc switching converter
ClassifiedIndex:TN432U.D.C:621.3DissertationfortheMasterDegreeDESIGNOFPWMSTEP-DOWNDC-DCSWITCHINGCONVERTERCandidate:FengZijianSupervisor:AssociateProf.LaiFengchangAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofEngineeringSpeciality:ElectricalEngineeringAffiliation:SchoolofInformationScienceandEngineeringDateofDefence:June,2009Degree-Conferring-Institution:HarbinInstituteofTechnology摘要随着电子技术与信息技术的飞速发展,便携式电子产品的种类越来越多,性能不断提高,对电源管理芯片的性能提出了更高的要求。目前的计算机设备和各种高效便携式电子产品的发展趋于小型化,这就要求与之配套的电源供电系统体积更小、重量更轻、效率更高。开关电源的核心部分就是电源管理芯片,因此,对于高性能电源管理芯片的研究具有重大的现实指导意义。本文设计了一款5V-3.3V的降压型DC-DC开关电源芯片。该芯片采用电压控制脉冲宽度调制(PWM)方法,并在芯片内部集成了功率开关管与整流管,极大地提高了芯片的效率,同时简化了外围电路。该芯片工作在1.5MHz的高频率下,使外部器件的尺寸大大减小。本文介绍了开关电源的基本理论,对降压型电源的拓扑结构进行了理论分析,并且探讨了不同调制方式与控制方式的优缺点。根据PWM开关电源的原理和特点,合理地设计了各子电路,主要包括:带隙基准模块、误差放大器模块、PWM比较器模块及斜坡发生器模块,以及过温、过流、欠压等保护电路模块。此外,本文详细阐述了功率开关管以及整流管的设计过程,并给出了外围器件参数的选取方法。采用华润上华(CSMC)0.5μmCMOS工艺模型以及Spectre和Hspice等EDA仿真软件对电路进行了模拟仿真,仿真结果表明输入电压在4.5V-5.7V变化时,输出电压可以很好的稳定在3.3V,最大纹波电压为25mV,最大负载电流为550mA,在4mA-550mA的负载范围内效率达到88%以上,在额定负载400mA下,转换效率达到93%。仿真结果显示,各项指标都满足设计要求,完成了预期的目标。关键词:DC-DC开关电源;降压型;脉冲宽度调制(PWM);电压控制AbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentoftheelectronictechnologyandcommunicationtechnology,thereisavarietyofportableelectronicdevices,whoseperformanceistobeimprovedcontinuously.Sothepowersupplywithhigherperformanceisdemanded.Atpresent,allkindsofcomputerdeviceandhighefficiencyportableelectronicdevicetendtobeminiaturization,sothepowersupplysystemsusedinthedevicesaredemandedtobesmaller,lighterandhigher-efficiency.ThehardcoreofaswitchingpowersupplyispowermanagementIC,andthereforetheresearchofhighperformancepowermanagementICisvaluabletopracticalwork.Inthethesis,a5Vto3.3Vstep-downDC-DCswitchingpowersupplyisdesigned.Voltage-modecontrolpulsewidthmodulation(PWM)isusedtothisICsystem,andsynchronousrectifiertechnologyisalsoused.AsthepowerMOSFETandsynchronousrectifierareintegratedwithinthechip,theefficiencyisimprovedextremely,andsimultaneouslysimplifyperipheralcircuit.Astheefficiencyofthischipishighto1.5MHz,thedimensionofexternalde
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