剑桥国际商务英语第二册.pptVIP

At the tenth annual economic summit in London in 1984, part 9 of the ten-point action program agreed upon, read as follows: “To urge all the trading countries(贸易国), industrialized and developing alike, to resist continuing protectionist (贸易保护的)pressure, to reduce barriers to trade and to make renewed efforts to liberalize(使自由化) and expand international trade in commodities and services.” Protection Could Spark Trade War The United States and other big countries are promoting the advantages of free trade while moving to protect weak industries at a pace that undermines 暗中破坏,逐渐损害;在...下挖坑道) their rhetoric(运用语言 的技能,辩术;花言巧语). The global economic downturn(经济滑坡) and collapsing(价格暴跌) prices of many commodities are Contributing protectionist(贸易保护制的) actionsand Retaliatory (报复的) responses by governments around world. Setting the tone, some analysts assert (断言宣称), is the United States. “The more the big economies like US and the European Union a countries appear protectionist, the more developing countries feel justified in doing the same thing,” warns British economist Cliff Stevenson. “The danger is there will be a domino(政治用语:指一个倒, 全部倒;牵一发动全身) effect(多米诺骨牌效应).” When US President Bush met with European leaders, he tried to prevent a trade war over his 30 per cent steel tariffs. The US has plenty of company. From Brazil to India, governments are responding to growing pressure to come to the aid of (援助)industries that winding up on the losing end of (最终成为失败的一方)trade Liberalization(贸易自由化). Increasingly, they are seeking relief (援助) under safeguard provisions (保障条款)that ive hard-hit (遭受重创的) domestic producer a timeout (比赛:暂停)from global competition. Anti-dumping rules allow a country to impose Punitive(惩罚性的) tariffs(关税) if foreign companies flood its markets with goods priced at less than the cost of production. According to a recent analysis, protectionist activity reached “unprecedented (前所未有的)level” last year