新型耐热al-0.2sc-0.04zr,yb合金高温拉伸行为的分析-analysis of high temperature tensile behavior of new heat-resistant al - 0.2 sc - 0.04 zr, yb alloy.docx

摘要通过应力递增实验，获得了峰时效态合金的真形变速率ε.t与准稳态真应力σt间关系。发现ε.t~σt关系无法按传统高温恒速拉伸常用的激活体积模型获得满n意解释。根据存在门槛应力σth的蠕变模型：ε.t=A(σt?σth)exp(?Q/kT)，式中A是常数，n是应力指数，Q是激活能，k是玻尔兹曼常数，T是绝对温度，对所得ε.t~σt关系进行了分析。取n=4.4（纯Al应力指数），所得激活能明显小于纯铝的自扩散激活能（1.29eV）。取n=8（恒定亚结构应力指数），发现当低于150oC时，Aexp(?Q/kT)与1/T出现明显反常，这表明在150oC时合金恒速拉伸机制出现了明显转变。当温度高于150oC时，Aexp(?Q/kT)表现出强烈的温度依赖关系，所得激活能略高于1eV，但仍低于纯Al自扩散激活能（1.29eV）。若只考虑200oC及其以上数据，则Al-0.2Sc-0.04Zr和Al-0.2Sc-0.02Zr-0.02Yb的激活能分别为1.23eV和1.26eV，与纯Al自扩散激活能相当。仔细分析发现，激活能随温度升高而增大，这与文献上纯Al结果完全一致。此外，0.02%Yb置换Zr能适当提高合金门槛应力。综合结果表明：0.02%Yb置换Zr能进一步提高Al-0.2Sc-0.04(Zr,Yb)合金拉伸性能，而峰时效态Al-0.2Sc-0.04(Zr,Yb)合金的高温形变应满足恒定亚结构的形变机制，而非国际上广泛认可的纯Al形变机制。关键词：Al-0.2Sc-0.04(Zr,Yb)合金；高温拉伸；时效；微结构；激活能IIAbstractBymeltingthemixtureofhighpurityAl,Al-1.85Sc,Al-4.38Zr,andAl-5.08Ybmasteralloys,theAl-0.2Sc-0.04ZrandAl-0.2Sc-0.02Zr-0.02Yb(wt.%,)alloyswereobtained.Theas-castalloyshomogenizedat640oCfor24hwerewaterquenched.Theoptimumageingregionwasobtainedbyroomtemperaturetensiletestsofalloysannealedfor189minatdifferenttemperatureswithunderthesamestrainrates.Thetensiletestsofpeakagedalloyswerecarriedoutatdifferenttemperaturesandstrainrates.WiththeobservationofOM,SEM,andTEM,theinfluenceofdeformationonmicrostructurewasobserved.TheeffectofheattreatmentsandsubstitutionofYbonZronthetensilepropertiesofalloysatroomandhightemperatureswasanalyzed.ThedeformationmechanismathightemperaturesofAl-0.2Sc-0.04(Zr,Yb)alloyswasalsodiscussed.TheOMobservationshowsthatthegrainsizeofAl-0.2Sc-0.02Zr-0.02Ybisabout0.6mm,whichisapparentlysmallerthanthatofAl-0.2Sc-0.04Zr(~1mm).Itindicatesthatthesubstitutionof0.02%YbonZrcanresultintherefinementofalloys.Theroomtemperaturetensiletests(1.7×10-3s-1)showthattheyieldstrengthσ0.2andtensilestrengthσbinitiallyincreases,andthendecreaseswithincreasingageingtemperatures.Theoptimumageingregionis300~350oC.Atthesameageingtemperature,thesubstitutionof0.02%YbonZrcanimproveapparentlytheroomtemperaturestrengthofalloys.Theamountofimprovementvarieswithageingtemperatures.Themaximumimprovementisobtainedinunderageing,l