新编护理学基础 活动和休息.pptVIP

Rest   Activity 中国医科大学护理学院 吕 岩 Rest Condition of rest Adequate Sleep Mental Relaxation Physical Comfort Sleep Stages of sleep NREM (non-REM): Stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ REM (rapid eye movement) Sleep cycle Sleep Cycle Assessment of sleep Factors Affecting Sleep Sleep Disorders Sleep Characteristics of Hospitalized Clients Collection of Data About Sleep Sleep characteristics of hospitalized clients Desynchronization 昼夜性节律去同步化 sleep deprivation 睡眠减少 sleep fragmentation 睡眠中断 vulnerability to rebounds 诱发补偿 Collection of Data About Sleep Usual sleep pattern Bedtime rituals performed t help fall asleep Use of sleep medications and other drugs Sleep environment Recent changes in sleep patterns or difficulties in sleeping Usual Sleep Pattern hours of undisturbed sleep time of going to bed time of waking up in the morning time and duration of naps time of trying to fall asleep frequency and reason of waking up at night ,duration of these periods whether easily aroused and snore sleep disorders：insomnia, sleepwalking，sleep talking quality of sleep or satisfaction with sleep Nursing Intervention to Promote Sleep 创建良好的物理环境 满足病人的睡眠习惯，做好就寝前的准备工作 合理安排护理措施 加强心理护理 健康教育 指导合理使用药物 Activity Factors Affecting Activity 生长发育 生理因素 精神心理因素 个体的态度和价值 外界因素 医疗性制动 生 理 因 素 先天或后天的身体畸形 骨骼或肌肉生长问题 影响关节活动性的因素 中枢神经系统的损伤 骨骼肌肉系统的损伤 其他系统的问题 Effects of Immobility Musculoskeletal system Disuse atrophy 废用性肌萎缩 Osteoporosis 骨质疏松 Contracture 挛缩 Stiffness and pain in the joint 关节僵硬、疼痛 Cardiovascular System Orthostatic (postural) hypotension 体位性低血压 Thrombus formation of deep vein 深静脉血栓形成 Effects of Immobility Respiratory system Decreased respiratory movement Retention of carbon dioxide 二氧化碳滞留 Hypostatic