国外心理学研究方法17expdesign3PPT课件.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Experiment Basics: Designs Psych 231: Research Methods in Psychology Experimental designs So far we’ve covered a lot of the about details experiments generally Now let’s consider some specific experimental designs. Some bad (but common) designs Some good designs 1 Factor, two levels 1 Factor, multi-levels Factorial (more than 1 factor) Between within factors Example What is the effect of presenting words in color on memory for those words? Two different designs to examine this question Clock Chair Cab Clock Chair Cab So you present lists of words for recall either in color or in black-and-white. participants Colored words BW words Test 2-levels Each of the participants is in only one level of the IV Between-Groups Factor Clock Chair Cab Clock Chair Cab levels participants Colored words BW words Test Test 2-levels, All of the participants are in both levels of the IV Clock Chair Cab Clock Chair Cab levels Sometimes called “repeated measures” design Within-Groups Factor Between vs. Within Subjects Designs Within-subjects designs All participants participate in all of the conditions of the experiment. participants Colored words BW words Test participants Colored words BW words Test Test Between-subjects designs Each participant participates in one and only one condition of the experiment. Within-subjects designs All participants participate in all of the conditions of the experiment. participants Colored words BW words Test participants Colored words BW words Test Test Between-subjects designs Each participant participates in one and only one condition of the experiment. Between vs. Within Subjects Designs Between subjects designs Advantages: Independence of groups (levels of the IV) Harder to guess what the experiment is about without experiencing the other levels of IV Exposure to different levels of the independent variable(s) cannot “contaminate” the dependent variable Sometimes this i