几个主要生态过程对千岛湖氮 磷循环的影响-effects of several major ecological processes on nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in qiandao lake.docxVIP
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几个主要生态过程对千岛湖氮 磷循环的影响-effects of several major ecological processes on nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in qiandao lake
4.大气干湿沉降(降雨和降尘)向湖中输入一定量的氮磷,2010 年、2011年、2012 年千岛湖降雨量分别为:1848.9mm、1407.5mm、1800.1;2010-2012 年千岛湖月降雨量与总氮(TN)的相关性不大,且相关性逐年降低;2010-2011 年千岛湖月降雨量与总磷(TP)的相关性超过 0.7,2012 年却只有 0.234;2012 年降雨氮的输入量为:819.100t,磷的输入量为:96.319t。2012 年降尘的氮输 入量为:7.636t,磷输入量为:1.99t。5.氮磷在湖泊底泥与水界面的溶解析出也是湖泊氮磷输入的一种方式,春季 实验室常温状态下氮 24h 的释放量为:0.026mg/L,磷的 24h 释放量为:0.276mg/L; 氮磷的释放量在第二天都会有所下降,第三天回升。实验室控温(30℃、20℃、 12℃)状态下,1#点、4#点、9#点的氮磷释放量在 20℃是均达到最大值:氮的 释放量分别为 0.528mg/L、0.874mg/L、0.790mg/L,磷的释放量分别为:2.689mg/L、 3.168mg/L、2.861mg/L,1#点氮磷释放量的最小值均在 12℃,4#点和 9#点氮磷 释放量的最小值却在 30℃,这可能与底泥中有机质的含量有关。底泥的原位释 放实验表明自然状态下,氮的 24h 释放量为:0.033mg/L,磷的 24h 释放量为: 0.276mg/L。2012 年千岛湖底泥释放的氮输入量为:5.870t,磷输入量为:4.566t。2012 年千岛湖水体沉降的氮总量为:1094.402t,磷总量为:355.104t。6.自 2001 年千岛湖实行保水渔业,鲢鳙鱼成为千岛湖的主要鱼类,且捕捞量 占总捕捞量的 90%以上,2002 年以后更是达到了 98%以上,其带走了大量的氮磷。 2012 年鲢鱼排泄氮的输入量为 2.572t,磷输入量为:0.623t;2012 年鳙鱼排泄 氮的输入量为:24.09t。磷的输入量为:5.004t。2012 年鲢鱼捕捞带走的氮的 量为:28.19t,带走的磷的量为:10.70t;2012 年鳙鱼捕捞带走的氮的量为: 150.6t,带走的磷的量为:55.76t。2012 年浮游动物氮的排泄量为:0.905t, 磷的排泄量为:0.023t;2012 年浮游动物体内储存的氮的量为:344.477t,储 存的磷的量为:84.502t。7.2012 年几个生态过程向千岛湖输入的氮的量为:2423.333t,输入磷的量 为:179.728t;几个生态过程输出磷的量为:1617.635t,输出磷的量为:506.066t。 鲢鳙鱼通过捕捞带走的氮的量占输入氮的百分比为:5.513%,磷为:24.160%。关键词:生态化学计量学,氮磷循环,千岛湖,大气干湿沉降,底泥氮磷释放, 水体沉降物,鲢鳙鱼The influence of several major ecological processes to nitrogen、 phosphorus cycle of Qiandaohu LakeABSTRACTThe Qiandao Lake, a large reservoir (artificial deep lake) in Chun’an County, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province(29°22′~ 29°50′N,118°34′~119°15′E), which was formed in 1959 when Xinanjiang hydropower Station. The highest water level ofQiandao Lake is 108 m, with an area of 567.4km2 an/average/d average depth of 30.44m, average inventory quantity of 94.5×108m3,average flat outflow water of 91.07×108m3.However, in 1998 and 1999, large cyanobacteria bloom had occurred in Lake Q iandao, which has aroused widespread concern. Since 2000, silver carp and bighead carp was stocked in Lake Q iandao aiming at preventing and controlling algal blooms and improving water quality, we called
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