大学物理双语版奥本汉姆课件Chap.docVIP

大学物理双语版奥本汉姆课件Chapamp;MagFie the screen You may comparing with the calculation of electrostatic field Example 26-11 of P616 One quarter of a circular loop of wire carries a current I and two straight sections whose extensions intersect the center C of the arc Find at point C 1 3 2 For parts 1 and 2 The number of turns per unit length of the solenoid 螺线管单位长匝数 n As vertical cross section 纵剖面 shown I n R L 1 2 3 A stretched-out solenoid 载流直螺线管轴线上的磁场 I I Think about how to choose a current-element dI dx x L 1 2 P choose dI nIdx x Rcot dx Rcsc2 d R2x2 R2 csc2 Same direction Explanations ②For a infinitely long solenoid The at the axial line –5R 5R 0439 B x ①Direction inside the solenoid is along the axis and right-hand rule as Fig26-12 ③B-x curve inside the solenoid L 10R 25-7 Amperes Loop Law Application Andre Marie Ampere French mathematician and physicist 安培分子环流假说 The source of magnetism of all natural-matter come from current一切磁性的根源是电流 Ampere All magnetic phenomena come from current 一切磁现象都起源于电流 1 Amperes loop law P607 Any line integral of around a closed path was proportional to the current encircled by the path in SI units 在恒定磁场中磁感强度沿任一闭合环路的线积分等于穿过该环路所围曲面的所有电流代数和的 倍 Note It is only hold for closed steady 闭合恒定 current Contributed by all current inspace Freely choose a closed loop and assign a positive direction Explanation The net current encircled by the loop 与L套连的电流回路所围面积截得 accord with right-hand rule 与L绕行方向成右螺电流取正 Any differential elements on the L along the tangent direction to the loop In the above case Look at the description given in textbook of P608 It plays very important role in the theory of 电磁场One can also use Amperes law to calculate with symmetrical distribution of current 2 The application of Amperes law Main steps 1 Symmetry analyses 由I的分布分析分布的对称性 2 Choose a loop 使回路上各处B相等方向特殊从而可从回路积分中提出B 3 Put into the law and calculate B Find the inside and outsid