正电子发射断层成像的统计迭代方法及加速方法分析-statistical iteration method and acceleration method analysis of positron emission tomography.docx

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2018-06-09 发布于上海
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正电子发射断层成像的统计迭代方法及加速方法分析-statistical iteration method and acceleration method analysis of positron emission tomography.docx

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正电子发射断层成像的统计迭代方法及加速方法分析-statistical iteration method and acceleration method analysis of positron emission tomography

ABSTRACTPositronemissiontomography(PET)isoneofadvancednoninvasivediagnositictech-niqueofmodernmedicalscience,anditactsasoneofrepresentativetechniquesofmodernnuclearmedicaldiagnosis.ThebasicfundamentalsandimagereconstructionmethodologyofPETarediscussedinthepaper.Andthelateristhemainpurposesofthisdissertation.Gener-allythreereconstructionalgorithmsarediscussedinthepaper:PMLimagereconstructionmodelbasedonnonlocalmeans,fuzzytheoryandanisotropicdiffusion;PMLapproachbasethegrayvarianceofneighborhoodpixelsandanitropicdiffusion;Stacticaliterationrecon-structionbasedonmodifiedordersubsets.ThefundamentalsandsystemstructureofPETareintroducedinthefirstpartofthepa-per.Furthermore,PETimagereconstructionapproaches,whichareclassifiedintoanalyticalanditerativemethod,arediscusseddetailly.Thestudyoftomographyreconstructionstemsfromtheanalyticalmethodwhichischaracteristicofsimplicityandfastness.However,itsre-constructedimagesareverynoisy.Iterativealgorithmscanbeseparatedintoalgebraticitera-tionmethodandstatisticaliterationmethod.Theformeroneisbasedonlinearequationtheory,whilethelatteroneisgroundonsomekindsofevaluationcriteriaswhichcontainslotsofmethodssuchasleastsquarealgorithm,maximumlikelihoodexpectationmaximizationalgo-rithm,bayesianalgorithmandsoon.Duetointroducingthephysicalpropertiesofsystemandthestactisticalmodelofprojectiondataintothereconstruction,iterativealgorithmcangetbetterimagesthananalyticalmethod.AgainstdefectsofP-Mmodel,thegrayvarianceofneighborhoodpixelsisbrungintothediffusionmodel.Andanewmethod,whichcombinestheproposeddiffusionmodelwithre-gularizedMLEMalgorithm,isproposedinPETimagereconstruction.Theresultsshowexpe-rimentallythatithassomeperformanceofimprovingqualityofreconstructedimagesandtheprotectingimages’edgesincomparisonwithothercommonmethods.ThemethodofPETimagerecontructioncombinedwithanisotropicdiffusionfilterwithmedianfilter(PDEMedian)cannotprotecttheedgesaccuratelyaswellasthestepartifactscanbefoundobviouslyintheimagereconstructedbyPDEMedianduetotheP-Mdiffusi