PSEUDOMONAS - Khyber Medical University：假单胞菌-开伯尔医学大学.pptVIP

PSEUDOMONAS Pseudomonas aeruginosa Also known as burkholderia aeruginosa. Other species of pseudomonas are 1. Pseudomonas cepacia 2. Pseudomonas maltophilia 3. Pseudomonas pseudomallei Properties: 1. Pseudomonas is a gram negative rod with polar flagella 2. It is strict or obligate aerobe unlike the members of enterobacteriacea. Therefore it gets its energy through aerobic processes and not through fermentation. 3. It is lactose non fermenter Gram-stained Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria (pink-red rods). 4. Oxidase positive because contains high levels of cytochrome oxidase. 5. It can grow even in tap water with little amount of nutrients. 6. It can survive and multiply over a wide temperature range (20 to 42C) in almost any environment, including one with a high salt content. P. aeruginosa and cepacia have strong ability to withstand the disinfectants. This property also makes them commonest nosocomial organism. 8. Pseudomonas produces two pigments. a. Pyocanin. It gives a blue colour to the pus in wounds. b. Pyoverdin.( Flourescein). A yellow green pigment which flouresces under ultraviolet light. In lab these pigments impart agar a blue green colour P. aerugenosa synthesizes both pigments while others produce only pyoverdin. Epidemiology: The primary habitat of P. aeruginosa is the environment, chiefly found in soil and water. Also found in 10% people as normal flora of colon. Infections have resulted from the growth of Pseudomonas in medications, contact lens solutions, and even in some disinfectants. It is responsible for 10-20% nosocomial infections. Commonest cause of hospital acquired gram negative pneumonia. Pathogenesis: It mainly causes Pneumonia. UTI. Sepsis in immunocompromized patients Infections in burnt tissues. Pathogenecity is based on multiple virulence factors. 1. Endotoxins. Produce sepsis and septic shock. 2. Exotoxins. Two main exotoxins. a. Exotoxin A b. Exotoxin S or Exoen