微生物感染的实验诊断PPT.ppt

微生物感染的实验诊断;What is a Diagnosis?;Evolvement of Medical Mode;Biopsychosocial mode;What is a Medicine and Diagnosis?医学与诊断的理念;Categorization of Diagnosis;诊断的目的—提供哪些信息？;医学诊断的基本原则;Basic Principles of Medical Diagnosis ----3 elements of medical laboratory science;Basic Principles of Medical Laboratory Diagnosis----- Selection of Indicators;Basic strategies of Laboratory Diagnosis for Infectious Diseases;微生物学诊断的基本策略 —— 感染性疾病的标记;微生物分离培养与鉴定;Procedure of microbial isolation culture and identification;形态学检查;Ag检测（免疫学技术）;核酸检测（分子生物学技术）;其他成分检测：;Regularities of antibody responses and serologic diagnosis;Serologic procedures;Methods Of Serologic Detection;Basic Principles of Medical Diagnosis ---- Methods;Selection of Strategies and methods;诊断技术方法的发展;Procedure of Westhern blot;Procedure of Southern blot;Procedure of Northern blot;Basic Principles of Medical Laboratory Diagnosis----- explanation of results;药物敏感试验; ;Transportation and preservation;第一节 细菌学诊断;细菌学检查标本的采集与送检; ;药物敏感试验;不染色标本的检查：细菌动力 单染色法：细菌形态 复染色法：细菌形态、结构与鉴别 革兰染色法（Gram stain） 抗酸染色法（acid-fast stain） 特殊染色法：负染色、鞭毛染色 ;Light microscope Standard light microscope Dark-field microscope Phase-contrast microscope fluorescence microscope Confocal scanning microscope;革兰染色法（Gram stain）;革兰染色的原理和意义;方法： 1、石炭酸复红初染：加热3~5min，水洗 2、3% ~ 5%盐酸酒精脱色30s，水洗 3、碱性美蓝复染30s，水洗。 4、干后镜检;Direct microscopic examination;Procedure of bacterial isolation culture and identification;Methods of bacterial identification;对 糖 的 发 酵;标本：双份血清标本，恢复期血清中抗体效价比急性期，血清中抗体效价升高≥4倍者方有意义;Serologic Diagnosis of bacterial infection;Antistreptolysin O (ASO) test;Widal test-retrospective serodiagnosis;Serum;动物实验;快速诊断;诱因：破坏细胞壁的物质 症状：慢性为主，症状不典型 培养：高渗培养基（油煎蛋样菌落） 镜检：多型性;药敏试验;Susceptibility test;病毒感染的诊断;标本;标本采集与送检;病毒的形态学检查;巨细胞病毒包涵体;动物接种;病毒的培养;常用的细胞培养;;Observation of CPE Hemadsorption test Interference test Viral antigen detection-----Labeled immunostaining;CPE of HSV;Cytopathic effects: cell rounding due to HSV; syncytium formation or cell fusion due to R