科研伦理学PPT.ppt

To say that these experts may have provided too rosy a view of the standards and practices then prevailing in the United States casts no shadow on the document that the judges produced as they passed sentence on the Nazi doctors. That document is, of course, the Nuremberg Code. Its ten principles not only provided an explanation of the standards that the defendants had breached but also articulated principles of more general application to research with human subjects. Principle 1 of the Code is as forceful as it is unambiguous: 1. The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolute