直接引语,间接引语.pptVIP

直接引语、间接引语 概述 直接引述别人的话，叫直接引语。 用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。 间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。 直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。 如： John said ,“I like reading adventure stories.” John said that he liked reading adventure stories. 1直接引语是陈述句，转述为间接引语时，成为由that引导的宾语从句（that口语中常省略）。同时，原句的人称，时态，指示代词，时间状语和地点状语等都要作相应变化。 1人称的变化 如： She said ,“My name is Anne.” She said that her name was Anne. 有时为避免含混，需要用具体的人名来代替人称代词 如: He said ,“He is very clever .” 不可变成He said that he was very clever . 根据实际情况变换 如： He said that Peter was very clever . 2时态的变化 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 将来进行时 过去将来进行时 将来完成时 过去将来完成时 Can ,may ,must, ought to , needn’t Could , might , must（had to ),ought to ,didn’t have (need) to Shall, will Should, would 如：一般现在时-----一般过去时He said ,“I like it very much.” He said that he liked it very much.注意：但直接引语如果是客观真理或陈述一种反复出现或习惯性动作，改为间接引语时，其一般现在时不变如:The teacher said ,”The world is made up of matter .”The teacher said that the world is made up of matter.Tom said ,”I go to work in my car every day .”Tom said that he goes to work in his car every day .现在进行时------过去进行时如：She said ,”I am listening to the weather predicton now.”She said that she was listening to the weather prediction then.现在完成时------过去完成时如：He said ,”I have finished my homework.”He said that he had finished his homework.   一般将来时-----过去将来时Linda said ,”I will do it after class.”Linda said that she would do it after class.一般过去时------过去完成时Mary said to me ,”I saw the movie .”Mary told me that she had seen the movie.过去完成时-------过去完成时（不变）John said ,”I had written the letter by 6 o’clock.”John said that he had written the letter by 6 o’clock.将来进行时--------过去将来进行时He said ,”I will be conducting the experiment at 3 o’clock.”He said that he would be conducting the experiment at