1azb_工业操作效率研究分析(生产管理 质量管理 成本管理 品质管理).pptVIP

* Time and Motion Study * Time and Motion Study: Defined * Time and Motion Study: Purposes * Time and Motion Study: History * Time and Motion Study: In your Organization Historically: TM Studies were used in the manufacturing industry to evolve pay scales with the thought that money was the only motivation for work * Time and Motion Study: In your Organization cont’d * Time and Motion Study: Objective The objective of the Time and Motion Study is to determine a ‘normal’ or average time for a job, by using observers to record exactly how much time is being devoted to each task. * How it Works Step-by-Step 1. Establish the standard job method. 2. Break down the job into elements 3. Study the job. 4. Rate the worker’s performance * How it Works Step-by-Step cont’d 5. Compute the average time 6. Compute the normal time Nt=(t)(RF) or Normal Time=(elemental average time) (rating factor) 7. Compute the standard time ST=(Nt)(1+AF) or Standard Time=(Normal cycle time)(1+Allowance factor) * Time and Motion Study: In Action How do medical residents spend their time at the hospital? * In Action cont’d * In Action cont’d * Time and Motion Study: Exercise Element t (min) RF 1 2.51 1.10 2 5.29 1.15 3 4.21 1.10 4 3.57 1.05 * Solution Use the formula (t)(RF)=Nt Element 1 (.251)(1.10)=.2761 Element 2 (.529)(1.15)=.6084 And so on for element 3 and 4 Element T(min) RF t Nt 1 2.51 1.10 .251 .2761 2 5.29 1.15 .529 .6084 3 4.21 1.10 .421 .4631 4 3.57 1.05 .357 .3749 * Solution * Time and Motion Study: Problems Observers are not always competent Those conducting the study are not always proficient in the job being observed The actions observed are not always reflective of the group as a whole * Time and Motion Study: Problems cont’d * References * * Tine and Motion Study Defined: All of the motions in a job need to be established so a sequence of motions can be determined to ensure that the task is being preformed in the most efficient and effective