Medical X Ray Imaging System - Rochester Institute of Technology医用X射线成像系统-罗彻斯特理工学院.pptVIP

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2018-06-07 发布于浙江
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Medical X Ray Imaging System - Rochester Institute of Technology医用X射线成像系统-罗彻斯特理工学院.ppt

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Medical X Ray Imaging System - Rochester Institute of Technology医用X射线成像系统-罗彻斯特理工学院

Medical X-ray Imaging System Imaging Science Fundamentals Medical X-ray Systems Chest x-rays (Abnormalities in lungs, heart, other abdominal organs, broken ribs) Mammography (Calcifications/abnormalities in breast tissues) Dental x-ray (Cavities, wisdom teeth) Others include detecting broken bones. Typical Imaging Chain forMedical X-ray Systems Electromagnetic Radiation EM radiation can be thought of as oscillating electric field which generates oscillating magnetic field which generates oscillating electric field…and so on. Can also be thought of as photons (particles), as in CCD detection of visible light. This is called the “wave-particle duality” of EMR. Wavelength ??(lambda) is called wavelength, the distance between two identical points on a wave. Frequency ??(nu) is called frequency, the number of cycles per unit of time. It is inversely proportional to the wavelength. Wavelength and Frequency Relation: review Wavelength is proportional to the velocity, v. Wavelength is inversely proportional to the frequency. eg. AM radio wave has a large wavelength (~200 m), therefore it has a low frequency (~KHz range). In the case of EM radiation, the equation becomes Photons: review Photons are little “packets” of energy. Each photon’s energy is proportional to its frequency. A photon’s energy is represented by “h?” X-Rays X-Ray Production Electrons are accelerated from cathode to anode. When high energy electrons hit atoms of heavy metals, the atoms produce X-ray photons. Object Attenuation Coefficient Attenuation Coefficient Coefficient depends on the property of the material. Density (Bone has a high density compared to soft tissues) Chemical Make-up (Lead blocks x-rays; lead screening used to protect patient technicians) Detector A special photographic film is used to capture the x-ray photons which passed through the object. The film is then processed. Film turns dark where it was exposed to x-ray photons. Typical X-Ray Images Image Quality Factors Source Ene