低视力助视器的光学02.ppt

低视力助视器的光学 Optical principles of lenses for low vision 提供放大作用的方法 To provide magnification for patients having low vision, the methods used increase the angular subtense of the object for the eye’s optical system 4 methods Relative distance magnification Relative size magnification Projection magnification Angular magnification Methods of providing magnificaiton Relative distance magnification The magnification that results from decreasing the distance of the object from the eye Methods of providing magnificaiton Relative distance magnification To specify the amount of magnification, it is necessary to use an initial standard or reference distance, usually 40 cm Methods of providing magnificaiton Relative distance magnification The use of short fixation distances requires large amounts of accommodation If the patient’s accommodation is insufficient, a clear retinal image can be obtained by the use of a plus lens of sufficient power Methods of providing magnificaiton Relative size magnification The magnification obtained by increasing the size of the object at its original position Methods of providing magnificaiton Projection magnification The magnification that results from the formation of an enlarged image on a screen, of an opaque or transparent object Methods of providing magnificaiton Projection magnification The projection system may be optical or electronic Methods of providing magnificaiton Projection magnification Projection magnification can be considered as a special form of relative size magnification May be used in combination with relative distance magnification Methods of providing magnificaiton Angular magnification The ratio of the angle subtended by the image of an object formed by the system to the angle subtended by the object when viewed directly Methods of providing magnificaiton Angular magnification Angular magnification compares the apparent increase in the size of the object seen through the optical system with the size of the object seen wi