Physiologic demand and common injuries[生理需求和常见的伤害](PPT-59)课件.ppt

Outline Overview of Trailwalker Physiologic demand and common injuries 2 Case scenarios assessment, treatment and advice Training guidelines Nutrition in Sports General advice Q A Overview of Trailwalker An annual fundraising walkathon organised by Oxfam Hong Kong since 1981. The 100-km MacLehose Trail To develop their potential and abilities of disadvantaged people in Hong Kong and poor people in Asia and Africa. From 1981, $80,000 raised increase to over $16 million in 2000. Interest Arouse Exercise Physiology of Endurance Sports High oxygen transport capacity VO2max High fatigue resistance in working muscles lactate threshold (Tanaka, 1995) Muscle fibre composition type I type II Energy utilization carbohydrate + fat Common Injuries Musculoskeletal Injuries Knee Ankle (31.3% vs 28.1%) Injuries (in descending order) PFJ pain Tendinitis of tendons passing under extensor rectinaculum Muscle cramp Achilles tendinitis Ankle sprain Case scenario Team A 4 long-distance runners who have no experience in Trailwalker before. Fitness level for the 4 members is good. However, one suffers from chronic TA tendinitis and one claims that has sore heel after 8-hour hiking practice. He wonders if it is to do with shoe-wear. Case scenario Team B Mixed team – 2 females 2 males of average fitness. One female team member suffers from symptoms of nausea and vomiting in her last 3 Trailwalker events, possibly suffering from hyponatremia. One male team member suffers from patellofermoral pain after going up down hills for 4 hours. He is slightly overweight. General Assessment of Physical Fitness Chronic Achilles Tendinitis Signs symptoms: Persistent pain over TA Pain occurs especially in the morning, after exercise hill walking Nodules around TA on palpation Chronic Achilles Tendinitis Intrinsic factors stiff MTP joints tightness of calf and hamstring muscle flat foot / over-pronation Extrinsic factors sudden increases in training excessive downhill running improper foot