phy课件.ppt

4. Bacteria are more sensitive to antibiotics_________ a. in lag phase b. in log phase c. in stationary phase d. in decline phase 5. Which kind of bacteria lack superoxide dismutase_____ a. obligate aerobes b. microaerophilic bacteria c. facultative anaerobes d. obligate anaerobes Superoxide anion and hydrogen dioxide Chapter 3  Physiology of Bacteria This chapter focuses on Definitions pyrogen, antibiotic, bacteriocin Questions What are the requirements of bacterial growth? What phases does a bacterial growth curve include? What are the characteristics of each phase? Distinguish among aerobic, facultative, and anaerobic growth. Enumerate medically important anabolic products of bacteria. Water Proteins Inorganic salt polysaccharides Section 1 Physical and Chemical Properties of Bacteria Lipids and nucleic acids Organic matter C H N O P S K Na I Mg Ca Cl I. Chemical Composition of Bacteria II. Physical Properties of Bacteria A. Isoelectric point G+ pI 2-3 G- pI 4-5 B. Osmotic Pressure G+ 20-25 atm G- 5-6 atm I. Types of Nutrition A. Autotroph B. Heterotroph (pathogenic bacteria) Do not require organic nutrients for growth require organic nutrients for growth Section 2 Bacterial Growth and Multiplication A. Nutrients B. Optimal pH C. Optimal temperature D. Gas II. Environmental Factors effecting Growth 1. Carbon source Glucose, CO2 2. Nitrogen source Protein, Nucleic acids 3. Sulfur source 4. Phosphorus source PO3-4 5. Mineral source Mg, Fe, K, Ca, Na, Mn 6. Growth factors Vitamins, coenzymes Nutrition Source Hydrogen ion concentration ( pH) Most bacteria grow best at neutral pH. Some specialized bacteria can survive and even grow in acid or alkaline conditions. Temperature Bacteria may grow at a variety of temperatures from close to freezing (pyschrophil