抗感染因子（英文PPT）Antiinfective Agents课件.ppt

Mosby items and derived items ? 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Antiinfective Agents Antiinfective Agents Types of Dental Infections Caries Caries are produced by Streptococcus mutans. Antibiotics are not used to treat or prevent caries. Periodontal Disease Many different bacteria are involved in causing periodontal disease. Treatments include the use of local or systemic antibiotics. 2 Antiinfective Agents Types of Dental Infections Localized Dental Infections Most localized dental infections are an extension of periodontic or endodontic-related sources. Drainage is the normal course of therapy. Antibiotics are used if the patient is immunocompromised. The choice of antibiotic depends on the infecting organism. 3 Antiinfective Agents Types of Dental Infections Systemic Infections These infections produce systemic symptoms such as fever, malaise, and tachycardia. Infections need to be treated with antibiotics. 4 Antiinfective Agents Indications for Antiinfective Drugs Most dental infections do not require antibiotics. Patients that are immunocompromised may require antibiotic therapy. Drainage is usually sufficient for localized infections. Systemic infections may require antibiotics. The choice of antiinfective therapy depends on the infecting organism. 5 Antiinfective Agents Indications for Antiinfective Drugs Antibiotics are most often used in dentistry as prophylaxis before a dental procedure. Antibiotic prophylaxis is used when there is a history of rheumatic or congenital heart disease or the presence of a heart valve prosthesis. 6 Antiinfective Agents Antibiotic Prophylaxis Antibiotic prophylaxis is used to prevent infective endocarditis. Antibiotic prophylaxis depends on the specific dental procedure being performed, the cardiac and medical condition of the patient, and the drug and dose necessary. Always check the most current guidelines of the American Heart Association and the American Dental Association regarding antibiotic prophylax