7细胞信号传导异常PPT.ppt

三、 G蛋白异常与疾病 病 例 Case 1: A 11 year old girl is brought to hospital. She has lost almost 4kg over the past month and a half despite being hungry and overeating. She also was excessively thirsty and has a voluminous urine output (polyuria). Physical examination: She is a thin little girl. BP: 85/50; pulse: 105. Laboratory tests: blood glucose: 40 mmol/L (Normal: 3.9-6.1 mmol/L). Urine: 5% glucose. She had little ?-cell function in pancreas. Diagnosis: IDDM. As treatment, insulin was administered to the girl. With insulin injections, the patient has been apparently controlled. Case 2 : A 53-year-old man had been in good health until about two months ago when he started to feel weak and tired more rapidly than usual. On questioning, he admitted to getting up two or three times a night to urinate. He also is often thirsty at those times and drinks a glass of water each time. He had gradually gained weight over the years. His appetite remained excellent but he now was losing weight and becoming weak. The pain in his feet was worse at night and sometimes kept him awake. It was burning in character and sometimes his toes felt numb. His vision was blurry at times, especially in the afternoon. Physical examination: obese, pulse 76, regular, BP 142/78. Feet: skin dry with calluses on the medial side of the big toes, Nails normal. Laboratory tests: random blood glucose: 25.3mmol/l, glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) 16.4%, urinalysis: 4+ glucose. Diagnosis: NIDDM. The doctor prescribed Amaryl (glimepiride, stimulate the islet cells in the pancreas to produce more insulin), 4 mg. a day. Other classes of oral diabetes agents are: Biguanides (decreases the release of glucose by the liver, and makes other cells more sensitive to insulin), Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) (increases cellular sensitivity to insulin and decreases the release of glucose by the liver). Dysfunction of cellular signal transduction in disease 细胞信号传导异常 与疾病 华中科技大学同济医学院病理生理系 细胞信号转导 指细胞通过胞膜或胞内受体感受信