Al-Mg-Sn合金变形前后的电化学能研究 毕业论文.docxVIP

Al-Mg-Sn合金变形前后的电化学性能研究摘 要铝空气电池具有高比能量和低价格的优势，受到人们的普遍关注。但是铝空气电池一直未得到广泛地应用，主要原因便是铝电极存在着在碱性电解液中严重腐蚀、在中性电解液中易钝化，并且生成的Al(OH)3清除困难等诸多问题，使电池性能指标难以满足现实需求。为了解决难题，可以改善铝阳极自身的性能，还可采用电解液添加剂减缓铝阳极的腐蚀情况。近年来，铝空气电池已经取得了较大的进展。本文选用Al-0.5Mg-0.1Sn-0.02In合金作为阳极材料，通过测量该铝合金变形前后在不同电解液中的自腐蚀、开路电位、极化曲线等，分析各环境下的腐蚀形貌，依据不同电解液中铝合金的腐蚀情况以及放电性能，研究了变形对铝阳极电化学性能的影响。实验结果表明：Al-0.5Mg-0.1Sn-0.02In合金在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀机理为点蚀；从该合金与纯铝，纯锌在不同电解液测得的极化曲线的对比，可以得出，在碱性电解液中此铝合金具有比纯锌更负的电极电位，且腐蚀电流较小，这就显示出了该铝合金可取代纯锌作为电池阳极的可能性；对放电性能的测试与分析则表明铝合金在碱性溶液中的自腐蚀较为严重，阳极利用率较低；对自腐蚀形貌的分析也可得出铝合金在碱性溶液中具有更大的活性；与铸态合金相比，轧制变形可以提高铝阳极合金的电化学性能，即变形量40%的合金具有较低的自腐蚀速率和较长而稳定的放电特性，对铸态合金进行40%的变形能够较大幅度地提高合金的电化学性能。关键词：铝合金，阳极活性，变形，自腐蚀，电化学性能Study on Electrochemical Performance of Al-Mg-Sn Alloy Before and After DeformationABSTRACTThe aluminum-air battery has the advantages of high energy density and low cost, and has attracts considerable attention. However, the battery has not been widely used, and the main factor is there are many problems, such as severe corrosion in the alkaline electrolyte, easy passivation in neutral solution and clear difficulties of Al(OH)3 generated, so it is difficult that battery performance meets the demand of reality. In order to solve these problems, one way is improving aluminum anode own performance, and electrolyte additives can also be applied to mitigate the corrosion behavior of the aluminum anode. Aluminum - air batteries has made a great progress in recent years.Take the Al-0.5Mg-0.1Sn-0.02In alloy as the anode material, by studying from the corrosion, open circuit potential, polarization curves, as well as analyzing the corrosion morphology in the different environment, influence of deformation on the electrochemical performance was investigated according to the corrosion behavior and discharge performance.The results turn out that: the corrosion mechanism of the alloy in NaCl solution is pitting; when comparing the polarization curves of the alloy, pure aluminum and pure zinc which measured in different electrolytes, we can