深圳208初中英语语法.docx

初中英语语法名词考点一 可数名词的复数形式1. 规则变化情况构成方法例词一般情况加-spen-pens; doctor-doctors; map-maps以s,x,ch,sh结尾加-esbus-buses; box-boxes; watch-watches; brush-brushes以辅音字母加y结尾将y变为i再加-esfactory-factories; family-families以元音字母加y结尾只加-sboy-boys; day-days以o结尾加-esNegro-Negroes; hero-heroes; potato-potatoes;tomato-tomatoes巧记：黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿。（两人两菜）加-sphoto-photos; radio-radios; piano-pianos以f或fe结尾将f或fe变为v再加-esWife-wives; thief-thieves; shelf-shelves; knife-knives; wolf-wolves; half-halves; leaf-leaves; life-lives巧记：妻见小偷架下藏，手拿小刀想杀狼，谁知落下半片页，砸在头上一命亡。加-sroof-roofs不规则变化man-men; woman-women; child-children; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice单复数相同：sheep-sheep; deer-deer; fish-fish某国人变复数的歌诀：中日不变英法变，其余-s加后面。Chinese-Chinese; Japanese-Japanese; Englishman-Englishmen; Frenchman-Frenchmen;American-Americans有些名词本身是复数形式，如：clothes; pants; trousers; jeans; shorts; glasses; people等。复合名词的数一般情况下把后面一个名词变为复数，作定语的名词不变。a girl student five girl students;an apple tree en apple trees由man和woman构成的复合名词，变复数时要把名词和man/woman同时变为复数。a man doctor three men doctors; a woman teacher six women teacherssport作定语修饰其他名词时，无论主题词是单数还是复数，sport通常用复数形式。A sports club; sports shoes对点集训：Ⅰ. 汉译英。五个西红柿 2. 两把刀 3. 八个桃子4. 一些女作家 5. 许多小孩 6. 四名美国人Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空。The little baby has two （tooth）already.There are three （bedroom）in this house.His parents work in different （factory）.There are many （sheep）on the hill.考点二 不可数名词不可数名词没有复数形式，前面不能用不定冠词a/an 修饰，但可用much, a lot of/ lots of, plenty of, some, little, a little等修饰。作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。不可数名词还常用“数词/不定冠词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示不可数名词的量。a piece of paper 一张纸， two cups of tea两杯茶， a glass of water一杯水， three bottles of pop 三瓶汽水。作主语时，谓语动词的数取决于of前面的名词的数。There are three glasses of orange juice on the table.对点集训：Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空。a little （milk）some （meat）A lot of （time）Three （cup）of coffeeMuch （money）Two （pair）of trousersⅡ.根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。There is some （面包）on the table.I have some good （消息）for you.I have a lot of （作业）to do today.We can get a lot of （信息）fro