非线性常微分方程解法探毕业论文.docVIP

成绩 （采用四级记分制） 本科毕业论文（设计） 题目： 非线性常微分方程解法初探 学生姓名 学 号 2013114010 指导教师 院 系 数学学院 专 业 数学与应用数学 年 级 2013级 教务处制 诚信声明 本人郑重声明：本人所呈交的毕业论文（设计），是在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的成果。毕业论文（设计）中凡引用他人已经发表或未发表的成果、数据、观点等，均已明确注明出处。除文中已经注明引用的内容外，不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或在网上发表的论文。 特此声明。 论文作者签名： 日 期： 2017 年 5 月 2日 摘要 本文在线性常微分方程理论的基础之上，对非线性常微分方程的解法进行了初步探讨。对于某些特殊类型的非线性常微分方程，可借助变量替换方法将其转化为线性常微分方程，进而运用初等积分法求出非线性常微分方程的解。对于不能转化为线性常微分方程的类型，分为连续解和非连续解两种情况来讨论。针对连续解，根据不同的情况分别用不同的理论证明解的存在唯一性。针对非连续解，首先，用能量法对相应的解作线性估计，适当地确定解空间；然后，利用巴拿赫压缩映像原理证明解的适定性，初步求出非线性方程的弱解；最后，将非线性常微分方程看作特殊的偏微分方程，应用椭圆方程的弱解正则性理论来研究非线性常微分方程弱解的正则性，将弱解转变为强解。 关键字：非线性常微分方程；线性常微分方程 ；变量替换；适定性；正则性 Abstract Based on the theory of linear ordinary differential equations, the solution of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is discussed. For some special types of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, it can be transformed into linear ordinary differential equations by means of variable substitution method, and then the solutions of nonlinear ordinary differential equations are obtained by elementary integral method. For the types that can not be transformed into linear ordinary differential equations, it is divided into two cases: continuous solution and discontinuous solution. For the continuous solution, the existence and uniqueness of the solution is proved by the corresponding theory. For the discontinuous solution, firstly, the solution of the corresponding solution is linearly estimated by the energy method. Then, the solution space is determined by using the Banachian compression image principle. Then, the weak solution of the nonlinear equation is obtained. The nonlinear ordinary differential equation is regarded as a special partial differential equation. The weak solution regularity theory of elliptic equation is used to study the regularity of weak solution of