高考英语系列知识串讲（全十七讲完整版）【绝对精品典藏版】.docx

高考英语知识串讲第1讲一、Language Points1.sharev. 分享、合用：share sth with sbn. 一份，股份sparea. 业余的，备用的：spare time, a spare tirev. 抽出，匀给：spare me five minutes/spare one of sandwiches for the boyspare no efforts：不遗余力 spare no expense：不惜工本savev. 节省，救出2.He felt lucky to have survived the war.3.with sb about/over sth：和某人就某事争论arguefor/against sth：赞成/反对…Sb into/out of (doing) sth：说服某人做/不做某事4.have/make/let/see/watch/listen to+宾+宾补(do/doing/done)get sb to do sthhave+宾+宾补(to do/to be done)5.So+同一主语+助动词So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语So it is/was with+另一主语6.should/ought to/need/could/might/would+do/have done7.except/but/except for/except that/except wh-clausebesides/in additionapart frombut for=without8.The first time+从句For the first time：作时间状语It’s the first time+that-clause(完成时)the first+名词+to do9.mostmost of the +n.(pl)/pron.the majority of (the)mostly: 主要地（状）10.be equal to sth：与…相等be equal to (doing) sth：胜任(做)某事equal sth：与…相等equal sb in sth：在…方面与某人匹敌11.compare…to/with…compared to/with…12.a great manyseveral/two dozen/hundred +n.(pl.)(many) dozens ofa great many of +the/these/those+n.(pl.)seveal/two dozen of +pron.13.much too+adj/adv(原级)too much+n.(u.)too many+n.(pl.)14. 没有被动态 come about(主要用于疑问句、否定句) happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意)sth+ take place(多表示有组织、有计划) break out(指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发) occur(与happen通用) It occurs to sb that/to do…：某人突然想起…15. n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phrase to do：表将来With+宾+宾补 doing：表正在进行 Done：表过去16. 强调句型的判断方法：如果将句子中的“it be”和“that”去掉，原句通顺则是强调句，否则就不是强调句。例：It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday.二、语法专题──名词的考点1. 考查可数名词和不可数名词，尤其是许多不可数名词在一定情况下变为可数名词。2. 考查名词的格，即 ’s所有格，of所有格或双重所有格。3. 名词作定语。4. 名词及名词短语的辨析。5. 名词与介词，冠词，动词的搭配。三、题型归纳──辨析型单项填空1. 名词的辨析名词的辨析首先要注意名词单复数的意义区别，如parent指父亲或母亲，而parents指父母双亲；people指人们，而a people指民族。其次注意可数与不可数时的意义区别，如: exercise指锻炼；而exercises指练习题或练习操；再次，注意同义名词或近义名词的区别，如:: event指发生的重大事件、体育项目；incident指偶发事件；而accident指意外事件。最后还要注意近形词的区别，如: cloth指布；cloths指各种不同用途的布；clothes指衣服(复数)，clothing衣服(总称)。2. 动词的辨析对于动词的辨析，首先要了解动词的及物与不及物，如: reply意为“回答，答复”后面接名词时需接介词to, 此时为不及物