基于AT89S52单片机控制的金属探测器.doc

摘 要 本设计是关于简单的金属检测的制作介绍。金属探测器是一种能检测是否有金属存在的仪器，可用于探测各类金属，现在的运用十分广泛，如在机场的入口、国家的CET-4考场等。 金属探测器的基础工作原理是电磁感应。采用LC振荡电路产生一个稳定的频率，当有金属进入变化的磁场是，在金属的内部会产生涡流。（由电磁感应原理可知）涡流所形成的磁场会对原来的磁场造成影响。此时也会对相应的频率造成影响，可以根据这种频率的变换检测到有金属进入到检测范围内。我们可以通过传感器检测这种变化，并将其反应为电压的变化，作为单片机单元的检测信号输入。 本设计是基于AT89S52单片机控制的简易金属探测器。它由电磁线圈、AD转换电路、LED报警显示灯、单片机、显示控制。将磁场变化通过传感器变为电压的变化，再经过AD转换电路，单片机获得电压值。与预设的电压值进行比较后，得到检测结果，做出相应的报警。 关键词：单片机 金属探测器 电磁感应 涡流效应 Abstract The metal detector is a kind of can detect the presence of metal instrument can be used to detect all kinds of metal, now is widely used, such as at the airport entrance, national CET-4 exams. This design is to make a simple metal detection are introduced in this paper. Metal detector based work on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The metal detector is similar to a small radio, but he is launching himself and accept their. Detection of metal principle is, using emission waves caused by the electromagnetic field and metal body effect. When the metal into the magnetic field is, in the interior of the metal will produce eddy current. (by eddy current electromagnetic induction principle knowable) formed by a magnetic field will be on the original magnetic field impact. We can through the sensor can be used for detecting the changes, and the reaction voltage changes, as the microcontroller unit test input signal. This design is a simple metal detector based on AT89S52 SCM control. It consists of an electromagnetic coil, AD conversion circuit, LED alarm lamp display, microcontroller, display control. Magnetic field changes through the sensor into voltage change, again through the AD conversion circuit, single-chip microcomputer to obtain the values of voltage. With the preset voltage value were compared after to obtain the detection result, make the corresponding alarm. Key words: single chip microcomputer; metal detector; electromagnetic induction; eddy current effect;目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 引言 1 1.2 设计的现状及背景 1 1.3 金属探测器的发展现状 2 3