s第1章 药理学总论-绪言.pptVIP

总 论 General Principles 第一章 绪言 Introduction 对学生要求 掌握： 药物的作用 用途 作用机制 主要不良反应 某些体内过程特点 * * 药理学Pharmacology Department of Pharmacology Zunyi Medical College 黄夑南 教授(二级) 绪言 Introduction 药物代谢动力学 Pharmacokinetics 药物效应动力学 Pharmacodynamics 4. 影响药物效应的因素 Factors affecting drug efficacy 一、药理学的性质和研究内容 药物（drug） 可改变或查明机体生理功能及病理的状态，用于预防、诊断和治疗疾病的化学物质。 A drug is a chemical substance that can modulate the current physiological and pathological status quo of a biological system. A chemical which is utilized for the diagnosis, prevention and cure of of an unwanted health condition (definition by FDA). 药物的来源 (Source of drugs) Ancient ●Natural products ( Plants, Animals and Minerals ) Modern ● Active principles of natural products ● Microbes ● Artificial Synthetics ● Genetic engineering drugs Poisons are drugs. Drugs has toxicity. (Raw opium) (Opium tincture) (Poppy) In 1928，UK，bacteriologist，Alexander Fleming In 1935，UK，Oxford，biochemist，Ernst Chain Australia，pathologist，Howard Florey bacterial infections Antibiotic In May 1940， Streptococci（110 million） The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases 基因重组技术 the technique of gene recombination 重组人红细胞生成素注射液（利血保） (Recombinant Human Erythropoietin for Injection,rHuEPO） 2. 药理学 (Pharmacology) 研究药物与机体相互作用及作用规律的科学 Pharmacology is the science of studying the interactions between drugs and living systems 性质： 基础医学————临床医学 桥梁学科 医学————药学 理论科学 实践科学 药理学的研究内容： （1）药物效应动力学(药效学) 研究药物对机体的作用及作用机制。 The actions of the drug on the body are termed Pharmacodynamics （2）药物代谢动力学(药动学) 研究药物在机体的影响下所发生的变化及其规律，主要包括药物的吸收、分布、生物转化和排泄过程。 The actions of the body on the drug are called Pharmacokinetics. It mainly included in absorption, distribution, metabolism (biotransformation), excretion. 药物效