精品课件（胸部疾病的症状）.pptVIP

SYMPTOMS of CHYEST DISORDERS（胸部疾病的症状） Cough (咳嗽) A protective reflex that uncommon in healthy personal cleanse secretion foreign material from the airway Initiated by miscellaneous stimuli or by voluntary exertion. The most common respiratory symptom. Cough reflex （咳嗽反射） Afferent inform.from: ENT, trachea, bifurcation of the bronchi. skin of the face neck; pleura Irritant type: mechanical, chemical, inflammation Afferent fibers (vague nerve) cough center. Cough reflex（咳嗽反射） Efferent signals larynx: glottis close or open Relating muscles ( diaphragm,chest wall, abdomen ) A coordinated series of action to perform the cough movement. Deep inspiration – expiration effort with glottis closed- glottis open abruptly – high volocity of airflow brings out screations from airways. Influencing factors（影响因素） Supressed afferant or efferent nerve function :coma, senior age Failed glottis function Diminished muscle force: cachexy(恶液质） Obstructed airway seen in severe COPD Trachea intubation Chest or abdominal pain limit cough movement Main Causes（原因） Airway infection inflammation Lung parenchyma disorders Airway stimulation by chemicals foreign material Pleural chest wall disorders Cardiovascular abnormalities Afferent nerve fiber Other causes Psychiatric cough Classification (分类） Non production ( dry cough ，干咳) Expecteration (with sputum，咳痰) Clinical appearance in common diseases （常见疾病中的临床表现） Accompanied symptoms(伴随症状） Fever Chest pain Dyspnea wheezing Sputum production Complication（并发症） Cough syncope syndroma Fatigue Fractures due to severe persistent cough Pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, and subcutaneous emphysema due to high intrathoracic pressure during cough. Chronic cough(3weeks): postualnasal drip syndroma(鼻后滴漏综合征） cough type asthma smoker Post URW infection GERD Sputum expecteration（咳痰） Denote airway secretions being coughed out . Characters: mucoid, tenasious, purulent, blood stained, with special odo