FUNDAMENTALS OF ACOUSTICS(一) 声学基础（英文版）教学教案.pptVIP

FUNDAMENTALS OF ACOUSTICS (1); ; Objective: Throughout the course emphasis is placed on fundamentals, with discussions and problems extending into some phases and applications of acoustics;The generation, transmission and reception of acoustic waves On completion of this course students will be able to understand the terms used to describe sound waves, the generation, transmission, and reception of acoustic waves and their application to numerous fields ; the relationship between sound pressure, sound intensity and sound power; and the terms used to describe sound fields. ; contents Introduction What sound is caused by… what a sound wave is … what a cycle is ….;When we hear a sound, air vibrates against our eardrums causing them to vibrate also. These vibrations are detected and analyzed by our brains. Although it is usually air that acts as the transmitting medium, sound can be transmitted by other media, e.g. water, building structures;Sound does not consist of air moving towards us in bulk; it travels through the air as a sound wave. A sound wave consists of a disturbance moving out from a source to surrounding places with the result that energy is transferred from one place to another. ;As the wave passes, the disturbance of particles is in the direction of the wave travel. The displacement of particles of the medium results in alternate regions of high particle density and low particle density. Regions of high particle density are called compressions. Regions of low particle density are called rarefactions. ;Rarefactions and compressions both move in the direction of the wave travel. The particles of the medium do not move bodily in the direction of the wave movement; they vibrate about their normal positions. Each complete vibration of a particle is called a cycle ( i.e. from its starting position, to a maximum distance in one direction, back through the starting position, then to a maximum displacement in the opposite direction and back