2015工程力学材料力学教案 第一章 轴向拉伸与压缩.docVIP

第一章 轴向拉伸和压缩 Mechanics of Materials12CHAPTER 1 AXIAL TENSION AND COMPRESSION§ 1–1 Concepts and practical examples of axial tension and compression§ 1–2 Internal force,method of section,axial force and its diagram§ 1–3 Stresses on the section and strength conditions?1-4 Deformation of the rod in axial tension and compression ? law ofelasticity?1-5 Elastic strain energy of the rod in axial tension and compression?1-6 Statically indeterminate problems and their treatment methods of axialtension and compression?1-7 Mechanical properties of materials in axial tension and compression34§ 1–1 轴向拉压的概念及实例§ 1–2 内力、截面法,轴力及轴力图§ 1–3 截面上的应力及强度条件第一章 轴向拉伸和压缩§ 1-4 拉压杆的变形 ? 弹性定律§ 1-5 拉压杆的弹性应变能§ 1-6 拉压超静定问题及其处理方法§ 1-7 材料在拉伸和压缩时的力学性能§ 1–1 CONCEPTS AND PRACTICAL EXAMPLES OFAXIAL TENSION AND COMPRESSIONCharacteristic of the external force,The acting line of the resultant ofe x t e r n a l fo r c e s is co i n c i d ed with t h e a x i s of t h e ro d,1,ConceptsCharacteristic of the deformation,Deformation of the rod is mainlyelongation or contraction along the axis of the rod and companied with lateralreduction or enlargement,Axial tension, Deformation of the rod is axial elongationand lateral shortening,Axial compression,Deformation of the rod is axialshortening and lateral enlargement,56§ 1–1 轴向拉压的概念及实例轴向拉压的外力特点,外力的合力作用线与杆的轴线重合 。一、概念轴向拉压的变形特点,杆的变形主要是轴向伸缩，伴随横向缩扩。轴向拉伸：杆的变形是轴向伸长，横向缩短。轴向压缩：杆的变形是轴向缩短，横向变粗。In axial compression,the corresponding force is called compressive force,In axial tension,the corresponding force is called tensileforce,Mechanical models are shown in the figuresPPPP78轴向压缩，对应的力称为压力。轴向拉伸，对应的力称为拉力。力学模型如图PPPPPracticalexamples inengineering2,910工程实例二,11121,Internal forceInternal force is the resultant of internal forces,which is acting mutuallybetween two neighbour parts inside the body,caused by the external forces,§ 1–2 INTERNAL FORCE,METHOD OF SECTION,AXIALFORCE AND ITS DIAGRAM1314一、内力指由外力作用所引起