慢性阻塞性肺疾病_12课件.pptVIP

* COPD稳定期进行长期家庭氧疗对具有慢性呼吸衰竭的患者可提高生存率。对血流动力学、血液学特征、运动能力、肺生理和精神状态均会产生有益的影响。长期家庭氧疗应在Ⅳ级即极重度COPD患者应用，具体指征是：(1)PaO：≤55 mm Hg或动脉血氧饱和度(SaO2)≤88％ ，有或没有高碳酸血症。(2)PaO2 55～60 mm Hg，或SaO289％ ，并有肺动脉高压、心力衰竭所致水肿或红细胞增多症(红细胞比积55％)。长期家庭氧疗一般是经鼻导管吸入氧气，流量1．0～2．0 L／rain，吸氧持续时间15 h／d。长期氧疗的目的是使患者在海平面水平，静息状态下，达到Pa02 I60 mm Hg和(或)使SaO：升至90％ ，这样才可维持重要器官的功能，保证周围组织的氧供。 Eventually, many people with COPD will need supplemental oxygen. If your disease has progressed to where your lungs can’t supply enough oxygen to meet your body’s needs, your doctor may prescribe home oxygen therapy. Having too little oxygen in the blood is called hypoxemia. Symptoms include sleepiness, morning headaches, irritability, poor concentration, worsening breathlessness, and fluid retention. Low oxygen levels can put a strain on the heart, and it won’t pump as efficiently. Many people resist using oxygen, because they fear it will reduce their independence or they will become addicted. In fact, oxygen therapy usually improves energy and breathing so that your quality of life is better. It improves the oxygen exchange in your body and may prevent some complications of COPD. Use oxygen as directed by your doctor. It will improve your quality of life, and you will live longer. Ask your doctor about how long you should use oxygen each day. For many people, more oxygen use, not less, will add years to life. Lately, there have been new developments in oxygen equipment that make it much easier and convenient to use. Tanks are more portable and lightweight. Newer systems last longer. Oxygen systems are available either as continuous flow or intermittent flow. Intermittent flow systems are called conserving devices or pulse oxygen devices, which are breath-activated. The oxygen in the tank will last longer with a conserving device. This means that the oxygen tank can be used for longer periods of time with intermittent flow without the need to refill or change the tank. However, some patients still need to have constant flow, es