口腔颌面肿瘤总论课件_2.pptVIP

口腔颌面肿瘤总论 张 陈 平 上海第二医科大学口腔医学院 附属第九人民医院口腔颌面外科 重点与难点 口腔颌面肿瘤的基本概念 良恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断 口腔颌面肿瘤的基本概念 定义与命名 头颈解剖分区 良性肿瘤及瘤样病变 恶性肿瘤的病理分级 UICC临床分类分期 临床流行病学特点 患病率、发病率及构成比 口腔颌面肿瘤发病特点 ①年轻化，女性发病上升，发病部位变化 ②病理复杂化 ③转移性口腔癌 ④隐匿性癌 病因和发病条件 外 因 ①物理因素 ②化学因素 ③生物因素 ④营养因素 口腔颌面肿瘤的临床表现 良恶性肿瘤的生长特性 良恶性肿瘤的危害 口腔颌面良恶性肿瘤的诊断 采集病史 临床检查 影像学检查 组织学检查 小 结 口腔颌面肿瘤的命名原则 口腔颌面良恶性肿瘤的鉴别要点 影像学检查的地位及适应证 病理检查的方法及注意事项 复习思考题 简述口腔颌面肿瘤的命名原则、病理分级的意义以及TNM分类分期 良恶性肿瘤的生长特征与诊断要点 试述活组织检查的主要方法和注意事项 各种影像学诊断的地位及适应证 参考书目 邱蔚六主编《口腔颌面外科理论与实践》 1998年人民卫生出版社 李树玲主编《头颈肿瘤外科学》 1993年天津科学技术出版社 吴奇光主编《口腔组织病理学》 1994年人民卫生出版社 Stephen T. Sonis, Principles and Practice of oral medicine, 1995,W.B.Saunders,Philadephia Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) in OMF Cancer is the second cause of death Oral cancer has high morbidity and high mortality Early detection and treatment can minimize them More than 90% of oral cancer are SCC Oral cancer is 3% in all cancers Clinical characteristics Variety of clinical presentations ulcer, leukoplakia, exophytic forms Location 38%-lower lip, 22%-tongue, 17%- mouth floor gingiva, palate, tonsil, buccal mucosa, … Behavior SCC –local invasion and regional metastasis Diagnosis of oral cancer Biopsy, cellular smear, toluidine blue staining Biopsy offers the most important information leading to diagnosis aspiration (fine needle aspiration) resection (punch, frozen section) Prognosis of oral cancer Depends on follow factors size, extent, location, nodal involvement Response (effect) to cancer treatment -- 5 years survival rate Lower lip – 84% (localized-87%, lymph-66%) Overall 5 years survival rates of oral cancer –54%, tongue is worsre Staging of oral cancer 5 years survival rate of oral cancer in USA (1983-1990) Overall 5 –year 52.5% Female 58% Male 50% Whites 55% Blacks 34% Black(M) 28%, Black(F) 47% Survival rates Kochi, Japan (1994-2