微缩版英美文学作家作品.docVIP

■ 英国部分 古英语Old English 450-1066 Beowulf 中世纪英语(文学) Medieval English 1066 - middle 14th century 乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer - the father of English poetry The Canterbury Tales first time to use heroic couplet 英雄体双行诗 文艺复兴(含义)The Renaissance - rebirth or revival 人文主义Humanism - the essence of the Renaissance, the dignity of human being the importance of the present life 3.莎士比亚William Shakespeare - above all writers in the past and in the present time四大悲剧Four tragedies - Hamlet, Othello, King Lear Macbeth十四行诗第18首 Sonnet 18 eternal or immortal beauty《威尼斯商人》The Merchant of Venice to praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty, to expose the insatiable greed and brutality 《哈姆雷特》 Hamlet hesitate between fact and fiction, language and action, too sophisticated to degrade his nature to the conventional role of a stage revenger (复仇者) To be, or not to be - to live on in this world or to die; to suffer or to take action 独白 Soliloquy or monologue - fully reveal the inner conflict of the characters 6.弥尔顿John Milton《失乐园》Paradise Lost the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf. The conflict is between human love and spiritual duty. In heaven, Satan led a rebellion against God with his unconquerable will.《复乐园》Paradise Regained《力士参孙》Samson Agonistes the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English. 新古典主义Neoclassicism - a revival of interest in the old classical works, order, logic, restrained emotion抑制情感 accuracy 怯懦 启蒙思想(运动) Enlightenment - a progressive intellectual movement, reason (rationality), equality science 哥特式小说Gothic novel - mystery, horror castles 神秘、恐怖 9. 笛福Daniel Defoe - the first writer study of the lower-class people《罗宾汉》Robinson Crusoe, praise the human labor and the Puritan fortitude 清教徒坚韧 10.斯威夫待Jonathan Swift - a master satiristIn his opinion, human nature is seriously and permanently永存的 flawed有瑕疵的 Proper words in proper places《温和的建