并网逆变器单周控制方法的研究.doc

并网逆变器单周控制方法研究 摘 要 本文提出的设计和分析是针对主动和被动式的单相电压源功率控制逆变器的光伏并网系统。文中探讨的对象是其中的DC-AC变换，对光伏并网逆变器所涉及到的基本概念做了粗略介绍，同时对仿真中采用的数学模型做了详细介绍。主电路采用的是单相全桥逆变拓扑结构，开关器件选择的是功率损耗较小的MOSFET；驱动电路则是单极性SPWM脉宽调制技术，通过开关管的导通和关断对主电路不同的工作状态进行切换。 项目中的控制算法方法是采用基于空间矢量控制的坐标变换，将给定电流解耦为有功电流分量和无功电流分量分别对电网有功功率和无功功率进行闭环控制的方法。本研究的目的是控制电网的功率因数，提高向电网传输的光伏转换电源整体效率，并降低逆变器相电流的畸变。在这项工作中，本文给出了详细的系统数学模型，讨论使用Matlab / Simulink软件对6kW的光伏单相逆变系统并入220V、50HZ电网模拟的结果。仿真结果表明，电网输入功率因数几乎是一致的，该系统的相电流畸变率被降低，不同功率条件下的总谐波失真在5%以内。 关键词：单相全桥逆变 SPWM（解耦） Matlab/Simulink仿真 Abstract This paper presents an alternative way for the current regulation of single-phase voltage-source dc–ac converters in direct–quadrature (dq) synchronous reference frames. In a dq reference frame, ac (time varying) quantities appear as dc (time invariant) ones, allowing the controller to be designed the same as dc–dc converters, presenting infinite control gain at the steady-state operating point to achieve zero steady-state error. The common approach is to create a set of imaginary quantities orthogonal to those of the real single-phase system so as to obtain dc quantities by means of a stationary-frame to rotating-frame transformation. The orthogonal imaginary quantities in common approaches are obtained by phase shifting the real components by a quarter of the fundamental period. The introduction of such delay in the system deteriorates the dynamic response, which becomes slower and oscillatory. In the proposed approach of this paper, the orthogonal quantities are generated by an imaginary system called fictive axis, which runs concurrently with the real one. The proposed approach, which is referred to as fictive-axis emulation, effectively improves the poor dynamics of the conventional approaches while not adding excessive complexity to the controller structure. This paper presents the design and analysis of both the active and reactive power control of a single-phase voltage source inverter for grid-connected photovoltaic system. The proposed met