_Learning Disability NSCC Nova Scotia Community 非言语学习障碍和新斯科舍社区课件.ppt

? Psychology For You  2005 IWK Community Public Education  Nonverbal Learning Disability :Often Missed or Misunderstood Dr. Joseph M. Byrne Chief of Psychology IWK Health Centre Overview I. Background II. Pattern of Assets Deficits Casual Observations Clinical Presentation III. Developmental Course IV. Treatment Interventions V. Therapeutic Resources I. Background Hypothesizes – Rourke (1989) 1. The Right side of the brain is generally more efficient at processing visual information (pictures, graphs, puzzles, maps). 2. Children who had difficulty processing visual information had similarities with adults who had documented lesions on the Right side of the brain. I. Background Hypothesizes – (Rurke, 1989) Con’t 3. White matter damage is the real causal agent Right side of the brain is more dependent on interconnection with Left side and other parts of the brain to do its job. Evidence – Children: hydrocephalus, receiving intra-cranial radiation, experienced severe localized (right) brain injury had more difficulty with visual information I. Background NLD syndrome can develop: Significant interference of Right Hemisphere 1. General deterioration of white matter 2. Substantial destruction of Right Hemisphere white matter 3. Substantial interference of neuronal communication (e.g., Callosal Agenesis) Background Definition: Nonverbal Learning Disability (NLD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, manifesting in a pattern of neuropsychological, psychological, and academic deficits, which may vary in severity and time of onset, predominantly affecting the efficient and accurate processing of nonverbal information. I. Background Essential Features Neurodevelopmental Pattern of Assets and Deficits Severity and time of onset may vary I. Background  NLD NOT specifically listed in DSM-IV Learning Disability – Not Otherwise Specified (LD – NOS) II. Patterns of Assets Deficits‘Red Flags’ – Early Years Sees ‘Trees for the Forrest’ Perfectionist in work E