_斜视课件.ppt

Two types of cover test help to reveal a squint, especially if it is small and the examiner is unsure about the position of the corneal reflections. ● In the cover and uncover test, one eye is covered and the other eye is observed. If the uncovered eye moves to fix on the object there is a squint that is present all the time—a manifest squint. The test should then be carried out on the other eye. A problem arises when the vision in the squinting eye is reduced, and the eye may not be able to take up fixation. This emphasizes the need to test the vision of any patient with squint. If the cover and uncover test is normal (indicating no manifest squint) the alternate cover test should be done. ● In the alternate cover test, the occluder is moved to and fro between the eyes. If the eye that has been uncovered moves, then there is a latent squint. The patient complain of diplopia, there may be head posture to compensate for the eye to move in particular direction. In third nerve palsy: failure of adduction, elevation and depression of the eye. Ptosis in some cases, a dilated pupil due to involvement of autonomic fibres. A fourth nerve palsy result in defective depression of eye when attempted in adduction. A sixth nerve palsy results in faillure of abduction of the eye. Early detection The most effective way to support fusion(binocular vision) is to treat amblyopia (failure of normal visual development) and equalize vision Glasses can treat some or all of the esotropia In farsighted and may decrease deviation in near sided with myopia Surgical corrections of misalignment may still be necessary for functional or cosmetic reasons It must be stressed that surgery is not an alternative to glasses and patching when amblyopia In paralytic strabimus treatment is directed to underlying pathology Diplopia can be helped by fitting prisms to the patients glasses * DONE BY: Kamal Sub-Laban Mahmoud Salman Mustafa Jaber Anatomy Review The eye layers: 1- A tough outer coat (fib