语言迁移对英语教学影响.docVIP

语言迁移对英语教学影响 　　【摘 要】在语言学习中，迁移是指母语对目的语或旧的语言知识对新的语言知识的影响。而这种影响又有正面和负面之分，因而也就有所谓的正迁移和负迁移。正迁移会有助于语言学习者更快地理解目的语，而负迁移则会妨碍学习者对目的语的掌握。笔者认为迁移对学习英语的中国学习者来说有很大的影响。因为英汉语属于两种不同的语系，故存在着很大的差异性，但又存在相似性。因此，在两种语言之间进行对比分析有利于英语教学，提高英语教学的质量。 　　【关键词】迁移；正迁移；负迁移；英语教学 　　I. A Theoretical Study of Language Transfer 　　1.1 Definition of Language Transfer 　　Language transfer also called cross-linguistic influence and it is one of the key factors contributing to learners interlanguage. Its view is that the mother tongue habits influence learning of the foreign language habits. Although it was later discredited， the notion of transfer has been revived again and remains one of the most fundamental in foreign language acquisition research （Johnson， 2001）. 　　1.2 Classification of Language Transfer 　　Positive transfer is transfer which makes learning easier， and may occur when both the native language and the target language have the same form. Odlin （2001） points out that the facilitative effects can only be observed when learners with different native languages are studied and learner comparisons are carried out. Positive transfer is evident in the rate of learning （Ellis 1994）. 　　II. Making Use of Positive Transfer in English Teaching 　　2.1 Making Use of Positive Transfer in Speech Sound 　　Most Chinese students have no difficulty in pronouncing phonemes 1ike /k/， /p/， /b/， /t/， /d/ and /f/ as we have sounds in Chinese. Because of the similarities in the form of lips and aptness of mouth， Chinese students of English have no difficulty in pronouncing the vowels： /i：/， /u：/ and /a：/. In the pattern of syllables， there are also some similarities. For example， the mono-syllable words in English are easy to read， such as are， I， as in Chinese there are mono-syllable words， such as和（he）、戏（xi）. So if such comparison is made between these items in teaching， these items will be more impressive to students. 　　2.2.1Making Use of Positive Transfer in Vocabulary 　　The understanding of the meaning of