strategy a view frm the tp chapter 9 crprate strategy文档.pptVIP

Vertical and Horizontal Integration What other factors should be considered, (1) alternatives to ownership, such as long-term contracts and alliances, should actively be considered; (2) vertical integration almost always requires substantial increases in investment; (3) projected cost reductions do not always materialize; and (4) vertical integration sometimes results in increased product innovation. *Although useful as a general guide to crafting strategy, some of these findings might need to be validated before applying them to a specific industry Vertical and Horizontal Integration Horizont