基于机器视的指针表图像采集技术.doc

本科毕业设计（论文） 基于机器视觉的指针表图像采集技术 摘 要 人类社会发展到今时今日，不断涌现出大量新技术，而机器视觉的应用，无疑也是当中重要的一项。如今，机器视觉已经不断被应用到各种工业现场自动化领域，发挥着极其重要的作用。而传统的指针表具有很多优点，目前还在电力系统、铁路系统、厂矿企业、计量部门等大量使用。但是在工业上，指针表还存在很多问题，导致不能广泛应用，而且对于指针表的研究资料还比较少。本文主要讨论的是基于机器视觉指针仪表的图像采集技术的应用及其图像预处理的关键技术。 本文首先介绍了课题的研究背景和意义，包括机器视觉的概念、历史、存在问题和前景，然后从指针表的特点入手，研究一个应用于指针表的图像采集系统，包括图像的采集，图像的预处理。并且设计出仿真采集指针表图像的实验系统，从实验中分析处理的效果，而找出最佳的图像预处理效果。 在图像采集方面，本课题分析研究了摄像机的景深，还有摄像时的光源对采集的图像的影响。在图像预处理方面，采用图像增强、滤波去噪、二值化等预处理的方法处理图像并取得预期的效果。 图像的采集和预处理，是本课题的主要研究工作。建立实验仿真系统，对实验结果进行对比，从而得出结论。 关键词：机器视觉，指针表,摄像机,图像增强,中值滤波,二值化 Abstract Development of human society today, a large number of new emerging technology, and machine vision applications, which is undoubtedly important. Today, machine vision has been applied to various fields of industrial automation field, plays an extremely important role. The traditional indicator table has many advantages, So it still use in the power system, railway systems, factories and mines, large-scale use of measurement sector. However, in industry, pointer table still exist many problems, resulting in not widely used, and the pointer table for research data is still relatively small。This article is focused on machine vision in the pointer table and the application of its key technologies. In this paper, we first introduced to study the background and significance of issues, including the concept of machine vision, history, problems and prospects, and then make a pointer table used in image acquisition systems by Characteristics of the table pointer , including image acquisition , image pre-processing. Simulation and design a collection for the pointer table of the experimental system images from the experimental analysis of the effects of image pre-processing to find the best results. In image acquisition, the analysis of this issue of the depth of field camera, as well as when the camera light on the impact of image acquisition. Image Pre-processing, the use of image enhancement, noise filtering, binarization,