人教版高中语必修四第2讲Unit1Womenofachievement语法篇.docxVIP

Unit1 Women of achievement语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________要求学生掌握本单元的重点语法----主谓一致并能熟练运用相关语法知识解决相应类型的题。主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数的一致，英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。这三个原则常常发生矛盾，但当发生冲突时，意义一致原则为优先考虑的原则。语法一致原则单数He is talking with his brother.复数The boys are playing football.就近一致原则由or/either...or.../neither...nor.../notonly...but (also)...等连接与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致①Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.②Neither I nor he is in favour of her marriage.由there，here引起的主语不止一个时和最邻近的主语保持一致There is a pen，a knife and several books on the desk.意义一致原则clothing，furniture，traffic，jewellery，baggage，equipment，luggage等不可数名词单数Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.以s结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词Politics is often a topic for discussion.表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积等复数名词表达一个整体概念Forty miles was covered in a single night.由every，any，some，no和one，thing，body等构成的不定代词Is everybody here today?动词ing形式、动词不定式和名词性从句①Persuading him to join us seems really hard.②Whatever was left was taken away.意义一致原则由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现单数①War and peace is a constant theme in history.②The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and(＋no/each/every/many a)＋单数名词Many a teacher and(many a) student has seen the film.one/everyone/each/either/the number＋of/the variety of＋复数名词The number of students from the north is small.意义一致原则由and连接两个并列成分表不同概念复数Steam and ice are different forms of water.一些常用复数或只有复数形式的名词如arms，stairs，goods等。The goods are sold out.以s结尾的专有名词如山脉、运动会、群岛等。The Olympic Games are held once every four years.a number of＋名词A number of students are from China.特别提醒由两部分构成的表示物体的名词，如trousers，pants，jeans，compasses(圆规)，glasses，shorts等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。但如果这类名词前用了 a pair of或two/three...pairs of来修饰，谓语动词在数上要与pair保持一致。例句①Your glasses are very nice.②This pair of glasses is mine.③Here are some new pairs of shoes.“名词＋with，along with，together with，as well as，rather