2017-2018学年高中英语创新方案外研版必修5讲义：Module 4 Section 3 Word版含答案.docxVIP

[语法初识] 原句感知自主探究1.Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February.2．In Europe, where it began, carnival was followed by forty days without meat, as people prepared for the Christian festival of Easter. 3．English lessons are being broadcast on the radio now.4．Cars will be sent abroad by sea tomorrow.5．He said all the task had been finished by last week. 1.句用了一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“is/am/are＋过去分词”。2．句2用了一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were＋过去分词”。3．句3用了现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“is/am/are＋being＋过去分词”。4．句4用了一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will/shall_be＋过去分词”。5．句5用了过去完成时的被动语态，其结构为“had ＋been＋过去分词”。 [语法剖析] 语法点一被动语态的基本时态变化 1．各种时态的被动语态的构成如果主语是动作的执行者，也就是说它们是主动关系，此时动词使用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，也就是说它们是被动关系，此时动词用被动语态。 时态动词的被动形式例句一般现在时am/is/are doneHe is asked to do this.一般过去时was/were doneThe story was told by her mother.一般将来时will be doneThe problem will be discussed tomorrow.现在进行时am/is/are being doneThe bridge is being built.过去进行时was/were being doneAt that time the desk was being repaired.现在完成时have/has been doneThe house has been built.过去完成时had been doneThey said that their work had been finished.过去将来时would be doneHe said the trees would be planted soon.2.被动语态的特殊结构形式(1)有些动词可以跟间接宾语和直接宾语，变为被动语态时，通常把间接宾语变为主语；如果把直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。He gave her some money.→She was given some money by him.→Some money was given to her by him.(2)“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语。The teacher caught the boy smoking a cigarette.→The boy was caught smoking a cigarette by the teacher.(3)使役动词have, make与感官动词see, watch, notice, hear等后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，在变为被动结构时，要将to还原。Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.→A stranger was seen to walk into the building by someone. 集中演练11－1.单句语法填空①People are_warned (warn) to be careful of the traffic when they cross the road.②A lecture about the choice of careers is_being_given (give) in our classroom now.③Two thousand words had_been_learnt (learn) by the end of last term.④A medical team will_be_sent (send) to the flood-stricken area tomorrow.⑤After the earthquake, the injured were_taken (